arXiv:2605.10996cs.CGcs.AI2026-05

提升点云拓扑优化效率,解决梯度稀疏与采样偏差问题。

Towards Scalable Persistence-Based Topological Optimization

论文配图:Towards Scalable Persistence-Based Topological Optimization
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用随机切片实现高效几何覆盖的采样策略
  • 采用快速Nadaraya-Watson高斯卷积替代耗时核求解
  • 理论保证平滑更新场精度,适合2D/3D点云优化

基于持续同调的拓扑优化通过最小化形如 $L(X) = \ell(\mathrm{Dgm}(X))$ 的目标函数来变形点云 $X \subset \mathbb{R}^d$,其中 $\mathrm{Dgm}(X)$ 为持续图。实际中受限于两个耦合问题:持续同调通常在子样本上计算,且所得拓扑梯度高度稀疏,仅有少数锚点获得非零更新。受微分同胚插值启发,我们提出更可扩展的流水线,同时改进子采样与梯度扩展。引入随机切片采样,一种轻量级方案,促进每轮迭代的几何覆盖并缓解密度偏差。进一步以快速Nadaraya-Watson(NW)高斯卷积取代昂贵的核求解,以极低计算成本生成全局定义的光滑更新场,更适合拓扑优化任务。提供NW平滑的理论保证,包括锚点近似界和全局Lipschitz估计。2D与3D实验表明,结合随机切片与NW平滑在常见持续损失上显著提升速度并取得更优目标值。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Persistence-based topological optimization deforms a point cloud $X \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ by minimizing objectives of the form $L(X) = \ell(\mathrm{Dgm}(X))$, where $\mathrm{Dgm}(X)$ is a persistence diagram. In practice, optimization is limited by two coupled issues: persistent homology is typically computed on subsamples, and the resulting topological gradients are highly sparse, with only a few anchor points receiving nonzero updates. Motivated by diffeomorphic interpolation, which extends sparse gradients to smooth ambient vector fields via Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) interpolation, we propose a more scalable pipeline that improves both subsampling and gradient extension. We introduce subsampling via random slicing, a lightweight scheme that promotes iteration-wise geometric coverage and mitigates density bias. We further replace the costly kernel solve with a fast Nadaraya-Watson (NW) Gaussian convolution, producing a globally defined smooth update field at a fraction of the computational cost, while being more suited for topological optimization tasks. We provide theoretical guarantees for NW smoothing, including anchor approximation bounds and global Lipschitz estimates. Experiments in $2$D and $3$D show that combining random slicing with NW smoothing yields consistent speedups and improved objective values over other baselines on common persistence losses.

拓扑优化点云处理持续同调加速方法

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