用神经网络流水线加速中微子候选事件筛选,提升精度与实时性。
From raw data to neutrino candidates: a neural-network pipeline for Baikal-GVD

- 三阶段神经网络流水线,基于注意力机制捕捉光信号关联
- 速度比传统方法快数个数量级,噪声抑制准确率超算法方法
- 支持近实时分类,适合多信使预警和宇宙中微子通量研究
我们提出一种基于神经网络的数据处理流水线,用于贝加尔-格维德(Baikal-GVD)实验,旨在提升事例重建质量并加速中微子候选事件的筛选。该流水线包含三个阶段:快速抑制广延大气簇射事件、抑制噪声光学模块激活、提取高置信度中微子候选事件。三个网络均采用变压器架构,利用注意力机制捕捉事件间光信号相关性。串联应用后,流水线相比标准重建流程实现数量级提速。其中噪声抑制网络在准确率上超越传统算法,并提供信号光点的时间残差估计,对识别轨迹型事件至关重要。通过引入领域自适应技术缓解蒙特卡洛模拟与实测数据间的分布偏移,显著提升二者一致性。最终框架可实现近实时事件分类,直接应用于多信使警报系统与弥散中微子通量测量。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We present a neural-network-based data processing pipeline for Baikal-GVD, designed to improve event reconstruction quality and accelerate neutrino candidates selection. The pipeline comprises three stages: fast suppression of extensive air shower events, suppression of noise optical modules activations, and extraction of high confidence neutrino candidates. All three networks employ a transformer architecture that exploits inter-hit correlations through the attention mechanism. Applied sequentially, the pipeline achieves orders-of-magnitude speedup over the standard reconstruction chain. Moreover, noise suppression neural network surpasses the accuracy of algorithmic noise suppression algorithms and provides estimate for time residuals of the signal hits, which is crucial for identification of track-like hits. We address the domain shift between Monte Carlo simulations and experimental data by incorporating a domain adaptation technique, demonstrating improved agreement between the two domains. The resulting framework enables near-real-time event classification, with direct applications to multi-messenger alert systems and diffuse neutrino flux measurements.
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