M⁴-SAM让SAM2在RGB-D视频显著目标检测上更准更快,无需人工提示。
M$^4$-SAM: Multi-Modal Mixture-of-Experts with Memory-Augmented SAM for RGB-D Video Salient Object Detection

- 用多模态专家低秩适配器增强SAM2编码器,实现跨模态高效微调。
- 通过分层特征融合机制,在保留细节的同时提升语义理解能力。
- 首次实现零样本视频显著目标检测,适合自动化视觉系统应用。
Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) 作为通用分割的基础模型已广泛应用于下游任务。然而将其扩展至RGB-D视频显著目标检测(RGB-D VSOD)面临三大挑战:线性LoRA的空间建模能力有限、未充分利用SAM的多尺度特征、依赖显式提示进行初始化。为此,本文提出多模态混合专家结合记忆增强的SAM(M⁴-SAM),在SAM2中引入模态感知的MoE-LORA、分层特征融合与无提示记忆初始化。首先,在编码器中注入模态感知的MoE-LORA,利用卷积专家编码局部空间先验,并通过模态调度器实现高效多模态微调。其次,采用门控多层级特征融合机制,自适应地聚合多尺度编码特征以平衡空间细节与语义上下文。最后,为实现零样本视频显著目标检测,提出伪引导初始化策略:将粗略掩码视为伪先验,用于构建记忆库。大量实验表明,M⁴-SAM在三个公开的RGB-D VSOD数据集上均达到当前最优性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) has emerged as a foundation model for universal segmentation. Owing to its generalizable visual representations, SAM2 has been successfully applied to various downstream tasks. However, extending SAM2 to the RGB-D video salient object detection (RGB-D VSOD) task encounters three challenges including limited spatial modeling of linear LoRA, insufficient employment of SAM's multi-scale features, and dependence of initialization on explicit prompts. To address the issues, we present Multi-Modal Mixture-of-Experts with Memory-Augmented SAM (M$^4$-SAM), which equips SAM2 with modality-related PEFT, hierarchical feature fusion, and prompt-free memory initialization. Firstly, we inject Modality-Aware MoE-LORA, which employs convolutional experts to encode local spatial priors and introduces a modality dispatcher for efficient multi-modal fine-tuning, into SAM2's encoder. Secondly, we deploy Gated Multi-Level Feature Fusion, which hierarchically aggregates multi-scale encoder features with an adaptive gating mechanism, to balance spatial details and semantic context. Finally, to conduct zero-shot VSOD without manual prompts, we utilize a Pseudo-Guided Initialization, where a coarse mask is regarded as a pseudo prior and used to bootstrap the memory bank. Extensive experiments demonstrate that M$^4$-SAM achieves the state-of-the-art performance across all evaluation metrics on three public RGB-D VSOD datasets.
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