用维果茨基的最近发展区理论，重新理解大模型的智能本质。
LLMs and the ZPD
- 将大模型类比为在近侧发展区中与成人互动的儿童
- 认为模型不是幻觉而是'梦境式'的原始思维实践
- 强调交互本身是智能核心，适合教育与认知科学读者
一百年前，维果茨基及其同僚探索意识的本质，并定义了苏联心理学的核心。他们提出，儿童通过与文化化成人的互动，在最近发展区（ZPD）中发展出“科学思维”。本文提出，与某些观点相反，大语言模型并非依靠“分布式表征”进行思考，而是以“实践”为基础的“原始思维”完成文本生成。从这一视角看，大模型并非幻觉，而是“做梦”；真正需要的不是“护栏”，而是对人类实现常识行为所依赖的认知工具的探究。本文主张，交互才是人类交流的核心，而非“真正理解”的附加物。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
One hundred years ago Vygotsky and his circle were exploring the nature of consciousness and defining what would become psychology in the Soviet Union. They concluded that children develop "scientific thinking" through interacting with enculturated adults in Zones of Proximal Development or ZPDs. The proposal is that, contrary to the claims of some, the LLM mechanism is not doing thinking with "distributed representations," but rather the completion model is doing "primitive thinking" in terms of *practices*. Viewed from this perspective, it would seem our large language models don't hallucinate, but rather dream, and that what is needed is not "guard rails" but an investigation of the set of cognitive tools that enable us to do things that look like common-sense. The proposal here is that *interaction* is core to human communication rather than just an add-on to "real" understanding.
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