arXiv:2605.12260cs.CL2026-05被引 1

PRISM通过图结构记忆实现高效精准检索,大幅降低上下文开销。

PRISM: Pareto-Efficient Retrieval over Intent-Aware Structured Memory for Long-Horizon Agents

论文配图:PRISM: Pareto-Efficient Retrieval over Intent-Aware Structured Memory for Long-Horizon Agents
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将长时记忆建模为带类型路径的图检索与压缩联合问题
  • 在LoCoMo上以1/10上下文预算达到更高准确率
  • 无需训练,适合对效率与成本敏感的长时对话系统

长时语言智能体的对话历史积累速度远超固定上下文窗口容量,内存管理直接影响回答准确率和服务成本。现有方法或盲目扩展上下文窗口,或在摄入阶段进行高代价的事实抽取,或依赖启发式图遍历,导致准确率与效率均不理想。我们提出PRISM,一种无需训练的检索端框架,将长时记忆视为图结构上的联合检索与压缩问题。PRISM结合四个正交的推理时组件:基于类型关系路径的分层簇搜索、与查询意图对齐的边权重计算、候选簇的证据压缩,以及多数查询走零大模型层级的自适应意图路由。通过将检索建模为带类型路径模板的最小成本选择,并搭配大模型侧的压缩步骤,PRISM在严格上下文预算下精准提取关键证据,且无需微调或修改上游摄入流程。在LoCoMo基准测试中,PRISM在相同协议下显著优于所有基线,以一个数量级更小的上下文预算实现更高大模型评估准确率,占据此前空白的准确率-上下文-成本前沿区域,展现出答案质量与检索效率的优越平衡。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Long-horizon language agents accumulate conversation history far faster than any fixed context window can hold, making memory management critical to both answer accuracy and serving cost. Existing approaches either expand the context window without addressing what is retrieved, perform heavy ingestion-time fact extraction at substantial token cost, or rely on heuristic graph traversal that leaves both accuracy and efficiency on the table. We present PRISM, a training-free retrieval-side framework that treats long-horizon memory as a joint retrieval-and-compression problem over a graph-structured memory. PRISM combines four orthogonal inference-time components: Hierarchical Bundle Search over typed relation paths, Query-Sensitive Edge Costing that aligns traversal with detected query intent, Evidence Compression that compresses the candidate bundle into a compact answer-side context, and Adaptive Intent Routing that routes most queries through zero-LLM tiers. By formulating retrieval as min-cost selection over typed path templates and pairing it with an LLM-side compression step, PRISM surfaces the right evidence under a strict context budget without any fine-tuning or modification to the upstream ingestion pipeline. Experiments on the LoCoMo benchmark show that PRISM delivers substantially higher LLM-judge accuracy than every same-protocol baseline at an order-of-magnitude smaller context budget, occupying a previously empty corner of the accuracy-context-cost frontier and demonstrating a superior balance between answer quality and retrieval efficiency.

长时记忆图检索上下文压缩智能体系统

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