arXiv:2605.13540cs.LGcs.AI2026-05

提出首个跨域动态图基础模型,解决多领域图数据不兼容问题。

Decoupled and Divergence-Conditioned Prompt for Multi-domain Dynamic Graph Foundation Models

论文配图:Decoupled and Divergence-Conditioned Prompt for Multi-domain Dynamic Graph Foundation Models
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 分离语义与时间特征,分两支预训练提升通用性。
  • 跨域路由机制选择专家,缓解负迁移导致性能下降。
  • 自动生成适配特定图特性的轻量提示,高效微调。

动态图广泛存在于真实系统中,构建可泛化的动态图基础模型是图学习的前沿课题。然而,不同领域的动态图在语义和时间模式上存在本质差异,导致统一建模困难,现有‘预训练-微调’范式常出现严重负知识迁移。目前尚无跨域动态图基础模型。本文提出DyGFM,一种基于解耦与发散条件提示的多域动态图基础模型。通过引入语义-时间解耦的双分支预训练策略,分离可迁移语义与领域特异性动态;设计基于发散感知的跨域路由机制,实现专家选择以缓解负迁移;并构建发散条件提示生成器,注入轻量可学习图提示,适配不同语义与时间特性。在连续动态图基准上的大量实验表明,DyGFM在节点分类与链接预测任务上均显著优于12个先进基线,展现出卓越的有效性与效率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Dynamic graphs are ubiquitous in real-world systems, and building generalizable dynamic Graph Foundation Models has become a frontier in graph learning. However, dynamic graphs from different domains pose fundamental challenges to unified modeling, as their semantic and temporal patterns are inherently inconsistent, making the multi-domain pre-training difficult. Consequently, the widely used "pretrain-then-finetune" paradigm often suffers from severe negative knowledge transfer. To the best of our knowledge, there exists no multi-domain dynamic GFM. In this work, we propose DyGFM, a Dynamic Graph Foundation Model over multiple domains based on decoupled and divergence-conditioned prompting. To disentangle transferable semantics from the domain-specific dynamics, we introduce a dual-branch pre-training strategy with semantic-temporal decoupling. To alleviate negative transfer during domain adaptation, we further develop a cross-domain routing mechanism with divergence-aware expert selection. To enable efficient downstream fine-tuning, we design a divergence-conditioned prompt generator that injects lightweight, learnable graph prompts tailored to semantic and temporal traits. Extensive experiments on continuous dynamic graph benchmarks demonstrate that DyGFM consistently outperforms 12 state-of-the-art baselines on both node classification and link prediction tasks, achieving superior effectiveness and efficiency.

动态图基础模型跨域提示工程

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