通过联合学习初始模式与自组织规则,提升系统鲁棒性和结构生成能力。
Learning Developmental Scaffoldings to Guide Self-Organisation

- 用神经元细胞自动机与坐标编码生成器联合训练,模拟发育中的信息分配
- 联合学习使系统在抗干扰、信息容量和对称性破缺上显著优于纯自组织方案
- 发现有效初始模式能引导发育动态,促进稳定收敛,而非简单复制目标
从亚细胞结构到整个生物体,许多自然系统通过自组织形成复杂结构:局部交互共同产生全局形态,无需预设蓝图。然而,驱动这一过程的大量信息并非来自自组织本身,而是依赖系统的初始条件。生物发育是典型例子,母体预先设定的形态发生梯度等信息作为“模板”,引导自组织过程。本研究提出一个模型,将自组织规则与初始预模式联合学习,使用神经细胞自动机(NCA)与基于坐标的模式生成器(SIREN)协同训练,以在受控条件下分析两者的相互作用。通过信息论分析,我们发现联合学习能显著提升系统的鲁棒性、信息编码能力和对称性破缺性能。进一步研究表明,有效的预模式并非简单逼近目标,而是通过调整发育动力学来促进系统收敛,揭示了初始条件结构与自组织动态之间的非平凡关系。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
From subcellular structures to entire organisms, many natural systems generate complex organisation through self-organisation: local interactions that collectively give rise to global structure without any blueprint of the outcome. Yet a significant portion of the information driving such processes is not produced by self-organisation itself, instead, it is often offloaded to initial conditions of the system. Biological development is a prime example, where maternal pre-patterns encode positional and symmetry-breaking information that scaffolds the self-organising process. From maternal morphogen gradients in early embryogenesis to tissue-level morphogenetic pre-patterns guiding organ formation, this transfer of information to initial conditions, analogous to a memory-compute trade-off in computational systems, is a fundamental part of developmental processes. In this work, we study this offloading phenomenon by introducing a model that jointly learns both the self-organisation rules and the pre-patterns, allowing their interplay to be varied and measured under controlled conditions: a Neural Cellular Automaton (NCA) paired with a learned coordinate-based pattern generator (SIREN), both trained simultaneously to generate a set of patterns. We provide information-theoretic analyses of how information is distributed between pre-patterns and the self-organising process, and show that jointly learning both components yields improvements in robustness, encoding capacity, and symmetry breaking over purely self-organising alternatives. Our analysis further suggests that effective pre-patterns do not simply approximate their targets; rather, they bias the developmental dynamics in ways that facilitate convergence, pointing to a non-trivial relationship between the structure of initial conditions and the dynamics of self-organisation.
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