用偏斜正态分布提升3D高斯点云对边界和单侧结构的建模能力。
3D Skew-Normal Splatting

- 以偏斜正态分布替代传统高斯,实现形状连续可调的点元。
- 在标准基准上重建质量优于高斯及非高斯核,尤其改善尖锐边缘表现。
- 适合需要精确建模物体边界或薄结构的3D视觉任务使用者。
3D高斯点云(3DGS)已成为实时新视角合成的主流表示方法,并被广泛应用于各类下游任务。其核心优势在于基于核函数的高效场景表示,高斯原语具备优良的数学与计算特性。然而,在有限原语数量下,每个原语的对称形状直接影响表示紧凑性,尤其在物体边界和单侧表面等非对称结构处表现不足。现有工作虽探索更复杂的核分布,但或仍局限于椭圆族,或依赖硬截断,限制了形状连续控制并引入分布不连续性。本文提出偏斜正态点云(SNS),采用Azzalini偏斜正态分布作为基本原语。通过引入可学习且有界的偏度参数,SNS可在对称高斯与半高斯类似形状间连续插值,灵活建模尖锐边界与内部区域。此外,SNS在仿射变换和边缘化下保持解析可处理性,可无缝集成至现有高斯点云光栅化流程。为解决尺度、旋转与偏度参数间的强耦合问题,我们提出解耦参数化与分块优化策略,提升训练稳定性和精度。大量实验表明,SNS在标准新视角合成基准上持续优于高斯及近期非高斯核,尤其在尖锐边界与细长或单侧结构上优势明显。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has emerged as a leading representation for real-time novel view synthesis and has been widely adopted in various downstream applications. The core strength of 3DGS lies in its efficient kernel-based scene representation, where Gaussian primitives provide favorable mathematical and computational properties. However, under a finite primitive budget, the symmetric shape of each primitive directly affects representation compactness, especially near asymmetric structures such as object boundaries and one-sided surfaces. Recent works have explored more complex kernel distributions; however, they either remain within the elliptical family or rely on hard truncation, which limits continuous shape control and introduces distributional discontinuities. In this paper, we propose Skew-Normal Splatting (SNS), which adopts the Azzalini Skew-Normal distribution as the fundamental primitive. By introducing a learnable and bounded skewness parameter, SNS can continuously interpolate between symmetric Gaussians and Half-Gaussian-like shapes, enabling flexible modeling of both sharp boundaries and interior regions. Moreover, SNS preserves analytical tractability under affine transformations and marginalization. This property allows seamless integration into existing Gaussian Splatting rasterization pipelines. Furthermore, to address the strong coupling between scale, rotation, and skewness parameters, we introduce a decoupled parameterization and a block-wise optimization strategy to enhance training stability and accuracy. Extensive experiments on standard novel-view synthesis benchmarks show that SNS consistently improves reconstruction quality over Gaussian and recent non-Gaussian kernels, with clearer benefits on sharp boundaries and thin or one-sided structures.
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