arXiv:2605.15328cs.LG2026-05

通过扰动权重而非特征值,提升全连接网络的可解释性。

From Weight Perturbation to Feature Attribution for Explaining Fully Connected Neural Networks

论文配图:From Weight Perturbation to Feature Attribution for Explaining Fully Connected Neural Networks
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用权重扰动替代特征值扰动,避免传统方法偏差
  • 新方法XWP和XWP_c在基准测试中表现媲美主流方法
  • 适合研究模型解释性或改进归因算法的学者

全连接神经网络(FCNN)虽结构简单,却是复杂模型的基础,但其可解释性仍缺乏共识。本文提出一种新思路:对与特征关联的权重进行扰动,而非直接扰动特征值本身。该方法有效缓解了遮蔽法(Occlusion)常见的引入偏置和分布外数据问题。由此衍生出两种新归因方法XWP与XWP_c,基于简洁规则,在识别简单DNN图像信号方面表现优异,性能与最主流归因方法相当。本工作为可解释性研究提供了一个稳健框架,推动解决长期存在的模型解释漏洞,实现更可靠、可信赖的解释。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Fully Connected Neural Networks (FCNNs) are often regarded as simple and intuitive architectures, yet they serve as the foundation for more complex models. Nonetheless, the lack of consensus on their interpretability continues to pose challenges, underscoring the enduring relevance of simpler, attribution-based approaches for understanding even the most advanced neural architectures. In this regard, we explore a novel idea for estimating feature attribution, by applying perturbation to the features' attached weights instead of their values. This method offers a fresh perspective aimed at mitigating common limitations in Occlusion techniques, such as Added Bias and Out-of-Distribution data. The application of this rule leads to the formation of a pair of novel attribution methods we call XWP and XWP_c. Founded on simple rules, our methods achieve competitive performance in identifying image signals for simple DNNs, competing with the most established attribution methods on standard baseline metrics. Our work thus contributes to the field of Explainability by introducing a robust framework that paves the way for addressing these long-standing vulnerabilities, and leads to more reliable and interpretable model explanations.

可解释性归因方法神经网络

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