arXiv:2605.15465cs.LGeess.SP2026-05

构建生理信号世界模型,实现多尺度长期预测。

Toward World Modeling of Physiological Signals with Chaos-Theoretic Balancing and Latent Dynamics

论文配图:Toward World Modeling of Physiological Signals with Chaos-Theoretic Balancing and Latent Dynamics
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 融合先验知识与实时状态调整,建模多变量生理信号动态演化。
  • 在8026人数据上实现跨时频域最优预测性能,优于现有模型。
  • 适用于运动、透析、糖尿病等多元临床场景,具泛化潜力。

生理时间序列反映人体复杂多尺度动力学过程。现有研究多聚焦静态任务如分类或短期预测,而长期信号级预测与可预测性仍待探索。本文提出NormWear-2,将多变量生理信号与临床干预变量编码至共享潜在空间,建模其联合时序演化为动力系统。方法结合预训练先验知识(直觉)与即时非参数状态转移适应(洞察),实现跨多时间尺度的连贯预测,且可适配异构临床干预。预训练阶段发现,混沌理论平衡动力学多样性可生成更鲁棒表征:小规模均衡语料优于两倍大小语料,并捕捉分岔态。在涵盖日常、急诊及临床场景的多个真实生理数据集上评估,覆盖健身规划、血液透析、糖尿病管理与手术监测,数据来自8,026名受试者,时长从3.2小时高分辨率信号到2.3年纵向生物标志物追踪。NormWear-2在时间、频率与潜在表示域均取得最佳整体预测性能,显著优于当前最先进时序基础模型,同时保持优异下游表征质量,推动通用生理信号世界模型的发展。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Physiological time series signals reflect complex, multi-scale dynamical processes of the human body. Existing modeling studies focus on static tasks such as classification, event forecasting, or short-horizon next step prediction, while long-horizon signal-level forecasting and predictive nature of physiological signals remain underexplored. We introduce NormWear-2, a world model that encodes both multivariate physiological signals and clinical intervention variables into a shared latent space and models their joint temporal evolution as a dynamical system. Our approach combines inference from prior pre-trained knowledge (intuition) with instant non-parametric latent state transition adaptation (insight), enabling coherent forecasting across multiple temporal scales, conditioned on heterogeneous clinical interventions. During the pretraining phase, we find that chaos-theoretic balancing of dynamical regime diversity yields more robust representations, with a smaller balanced corpus outperforming one twice its size and capturing bifurcation regimes. We evaluate the world model performance across diverse real-world physiological datasets spanning heterogeneous temporal resolutions and intervention regimes, covering daily life, point-of-care, and clinical settings, including fitness planning, hemodialysis, diabetes management, and surgical monitoring. These evaluation datasets comprise records from 8,026 subjects, spanning study durations from 3.2 hours for high-resolution signal data to 2.3 years for longitudinal clinical biomarker tracking. NormWear-2 achieves the best overall forecasting performance across time, frequency, and latent representation domains, with significant improvements over state-of-the-art time series foundation models, while maintaining competitive downstream representation quality, providing a step toward general-purpose world models for physiological signals.

生理建模长期预测动力系统世界模型

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