arXiv:2605.15713cs.ROcs.AI2026-05中稿 · ICRA被引 2

让四足机器人边走边精准抓放重物,支持动态连续操作。

Learning Dynamic Pick-and-Place for a Legged Manipulator

论文配图:Learning Dynamic Pick-and-Place for a Legged Manipulator
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 分层强化学习框架,结合质量估计实现自适应全身控制。
  • 仿真中成功率达86.05%(最大负载2.3公斤),实测平均成功率73.3%。
  • 适合需要重物搬运与复杂地形移动的智能机器人研发者。

四足机械臂通过融合敏捷运动与灵活臂控,拓展了机器人的操作能力。然而,在保持协调运动的同时实现精确操作仍具挑战。本文提出一种分层强化学习框架,用于配备6-DOF机械臂的四足机器人完成动态抓放任务。该框架包含显式质量估计模块,可自适应调节全身控制以应对不同重量物体。在仿真中,系统在最大2.3公斤负载下取得86.05%的成功率。真实世界实验在六个典型场景中验证,涵盖物体尺寸、质量及任务高度的可控变化。在从地面到1.1米高台的垂直工作范围内,系统对最大1.3公斤负载的平均成功率达73.3%,平均执行时间4.06秒。相比以往仅处理轻载且采用缓慢分段动作的方法,本方案实现运动与操作的同步连续执行。结果表明,四足移动机械臂具备在更大工作空间内完成重载自适应抓放任务的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Legged manipulators extend robotic capabilities beyond static manipulation by integrating agile locomotion with versatile arm control. However, achieving precise manipulation while maintaining coordinated locomotion remains a major challenge. This work presents a hierarchical reinforcement learning framework for dynamic pick-and-place tasks using a quadruped equipped with a 6-DOF robotic arm. The framework incorporates an explicit mass estimation module enabling adaptive whole-body control for objects with varying weights. In simulation, the system achieves an 86.05% success rate with payloads up to 2.3 kg. The approach is further validated through real-world experiments across six representative scenarios with controlled variations in object physical properties (size and mass) and task heights. Specifically, within a wide vertical workspace ranging from ground level to 1.1~m-high tabletops, the system demonstrates an average success rate of 73.3% for payloads up to 1.3 kg, with an average execution time of 4.06 s. Unlike prior works that handle lightweight objects and execute pick-and-place motions with slow, piecewise motions, the proposed framework exploits concurrent locomotion and manipulation for dynamic, continuous execution. These results demonstrate the potential of quadrupedal mobile manipulators for adaptive, whole-body pick-and-place with heavier payloads and extended workspaces.

四足机器人动态抓放强化学习

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