针对3D视觉模型量化中任务敏感度不均的问题,提出基于费舍尔信息的自适应量化方法。
Not All Tasks Quantize Equally: Fisher-Guided Quantization for Visual Geometry Transformer

- 用费舍尔信息矩阵衡量不同任务/模块对量化误差的敏感度
- 4比特量化下在多个任务上相对提升最高达39%
- 适合需要多任务高精度部署的3D视觉模型开发者
前馈式3D重建模型(如VGGT)能在单次前向传播中联合预测深度估计、相机位姿和点云重建等视觉几何任务,广泛应用于3D视觉领域。然而其十亿级参数带来显著内存与计算开销,制约设备端部署。后训练量化(PTQ)是缓解此问题的有效手段。现有方法主要关注处理重尾激活分布和构建多样校准数据集,但发现此类模型通过共享主干网络预测多几何属性,不同变压器模块与隐藏通道对各任务的贡献差异大,导致任务间量化敏感度显著不同。若平均对待所有任务,会过度强调不敏感任务,造成敏感任务精度大幅下降。为此,本文提出费舍尔引导量化(FGQ),利用对角费舍尔信息矩阵量化任务、模块与通道间的敏感度差异,并将该信息融入校准过程中的可学习仿射变换,以更好保留各任务关键通道与模块。在相机位姿估计、点图重建与深度估计任务上的大量实验表明,FGQ持续优于现有量化基线,在VGGT模型上4比特量化下最高实现39%相对提升。代码已开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Feed-forward 3D reconstruction models, represented by Visual Geometry Grounded Transformer (VGGT), jointly predict multiple visual geometry tasks such as depth estimation, camera pose prediction, and point cloud reconstruction in a single forward pass. They have been widely adopted in 3D vision applications, but their billion-scale parameters bring substantial memory and computation overhead, posing challenges for on-device deployment. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is an effective technique to reduce this overhead. Existing PTQ methods for feed-forward 3D models mainly focus on handling heavy-tailed activation distributions and constructing diverse calibration datasets. However, we observe that feed-forward 3D models predict multiple geometric attributes through a shared backbone, where different transformer blocks and hidden channels contribute distinctly to each task, resulting in substantially different sensitivities to quantization errors across tasks, blocks, and channels. Consequently, treating all tasks equally over-emphasizes insensitive tasks and causes significant accuracy loss on the sensitive ones. To address this issue, we propose Fisher-Guided Quantization (FGQ) for feed-forward 3D reconstruction models. Specifically, FGQ uses the diagonal Fisher information matrix to quantify the different sensitivities across tasks, blocks, and channels, and incorporates these sensitivities into the Learnable Affine Transformation during calibration to better preserve the channels and blocks most critical to each task. Extensive experiments across camera pose estimation, point map reconstruction, and depth estimation show that FGQ consistently outperforms state-of-the-art quantization baselines on VGGT, achieving up to 39% relative improvement under the 4-bit quantization. Code is available at https://github.com/ypzhng/FGQ.
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