提出机器人任务委托中人类同意衰减问题,构建治理框架应对伦理漏洞。
Consent Chain Degradation in Embodied Multi-Agent Systems: Bridging the Gap Between AI Agent Governance and Robot Ethics
- 构建三层次框架,追踪机器人委托链中的同意变化
- 实证三类场景显示同意在传递中逐步弱化
- 揭示欧盟四部法规均未覆盖该伦理缺口
机器人系统正从孤立平台转向人机共存的多智能体生态。这一转变引发现有治理框架未涵盖的核心问题:当实体机器人将任务委托给其他机器人并影响人类时,人类同意如何传递、衰减乃至失效?尽管人工智能伦理界已研究数字代理的同意机制,人机交互领域也探讨了人机一对一情境下的同意,但均未覆盖物理机器人跨层级委托对人类的影响。本文提出“同意链退化”(Consent Chain Degradation, CCD)概念框架,用于分析授权过程中人类同意的明确性、有效性和范围随委托链传递而逐渐削弱的机制。为此,我们设计了三层次治理架构——具身智能体同意运行时验证框架(CoRVE),整合同意范围建模、委托链追踪与物理不可逆性评估。通过医疗、家庭与工业三类场景实证分析,展示了CCD的实际表现,并给出数值示例。对欧盟《人工智能法案》《GDPR》《机械产品法规》及《修订版产品责任指令》的监管缺口分析表明,四项法规均未能覆盖CCD的核心维度。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Robotic systems are moving from isolated platforms to interconnected multi-agent ecosystems that operate in human environments. This shift raises a governance problem that existing frameworks do not address: how does consent propagate, degrade, and break down across chains of delegation between embodied autonomous agents? The AI ethics community has begun to study consent for digital software agents, and the HRI community has examined consent in dyadic human-robot encounters. Neither body of work covers what happens when physical robots delegate tasks to other robots in ways that affect humans. This paper introduces consent chain degradation (CCD), a conceptual framework for analyzing how the specificity, validity, and scope of human consent erodes as authority passes through multi-robot delegation chains. We propose a three-layer governance architecture, the Consent Runtime Verification Framework for Embodied Agents (CoRVE), which integrates consent scope modeling, delegation chain tracking, and physical irreversibility assessment. Three scenarios in healthcare, domestic, and industrial robotics show how CCD arises in practice, including a worked numerical example. A regulatory gap analysis covering the EU AI Act, the GDPR, the Machinery Regulation, and the Revised Product Liability Directive shows that all four instruments leave core CCD dimensions unaddressed.
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