arXiv:2605.16404cs.CV2026-05KDD

用量子增强的视觉模型,高效识别芯片晶圆缺陷。

Hybrid Quantum-MambaVision: A Quantum-enhanced State Space Model for Calibrated Mixed-type Wafer Defect Detection

论文配图:Hybrid Quantum-MambaVision: A Quantum-enhanced State Space Model for Calibrated Mixed-type Wafer Defect Detection
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 融合量子适配器与状态空间模型,实现线性复杂度长程依赖捕捉。
  • 在不平衡数据集上多缺陷分类误差显著降低,最大校准误差减少。
  • 适合工业质检场景,尤其适合需要高精度和低误报的缺陷检测。

从工业视觉数据中提取可操作知识,受极端类别不平衡和现代基础模型计算复杂性的根本制约。在半导体制造中,多标签晶圆缺陷识别是一项复杂的时空数据挖掘任务,重叠模式掩盖了关键根因信号。虽然视觉变换器(ViTs)擅长全局依赖建模,但其二次复杂度使其在高吞吐、实时异常检测中效率低下。为此,本文提出混合量子-MambaVision架构,专为时空知识发现设计。将线性复杂度的状态空间模型(SSM)主干与参数化量子上下文适配器(QCA)及低秩适配(LoRA)结合。Mamba主干高效捕捉长程空间依赖,量子适配器将压缩的潜在特征映射到高维希尔伯特空间,以解耦复杂重叠特征。在高度不平衡的MixedWM38数据集上,该模型实现优异的多标签分类性能,相比经典基线显著降低复杂多缺陷拓扑下的错误率。量子正则项作为深度不确定性校准器,大幅降低最大校准误差(MCE),并最小化预期误报成本。本工作建立了一种可扩展的量子-经典混合范式,用于工业数据挖掘中的高效表征学习。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Extracting actionable knowledge from industrial visual data is fundamentally bottlenecked by extreme class imbalance and the prohibitive computational complexity of modern foundation models. In semi-conductor manufacturing, identifying multi-label wafer defects is a complex spatial data mining task where overlapping patterns obscure critical root-cause signals. While Vision Transformers (ViTs) excel at global dependency extraction, their quadratic scaling renders them inefficient for high-throughput, real-time anomaly detection. To overcome these computational barriers, this paper introduces Hybrid Quantum-MambaVision, a highly efficient architecture tailored for spatial knowledge discovery. We integrate a linear-complexity State-Space Model (SSM) backbone with a Parameterized Quantum Context Adapter (QCA) and Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA). The Mamba backbone efficiently captures long-range spatial dependencies, while the quantum adapter maps compressed latent features into a high-dimensional Hilbert space to disentangle complex, overlapping signatures. On the highly imbalanced MixedWM38 dataset, Hybrid Quantum-MambaVision achieves exceptional multi-label classification performance, significantly reducing the error rate on complex multi-defect topologies compared to classical baselines. The quantum regularizer acts as a profound uncertainty calibrator, substantially reducing Maximum Calibration Error (MCE) and minimizing expected false-positive costs. This work establishes a scalable Quantum-Classical hybrid paradigm for efficient representation learning in industrial data mining.

缺陷检测量子计算状态空间模型工业视觉

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