arXiv:2605.16932cs.RO2026-05被引 1

让机器人在有限行动预算下智能分配任务,避免卡死一个目标影响后续导航。

BAT-Nav: Budget-Aware Arbitration and Termination for Long-Horizon Semantic Navigation

论文配图:BAT-Nav: Budget-Aware Arbitration and Termination for Long-Horizon Semantic Navigation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过监控执行状态动态调整目标顺序,不修改底层导航策略。
  • 在HM3D和MP3D上分别提升成功率达6.3%和6.1%,降低未完成率5.3%和4.7%。
  • 适合资源受限的长程语义导航场景,无需训练即可部署使用。

长时程语义导航要求机器人在有限动作预算内定位多个开放词汇目标。该任务暴露了传统单目标导航中隐藏的执行失败:低回报或遮挡目标可能占用全部预算,导致后续目标无法尝试。本文提出BAT-Nav,一种无需训练的在线目标仲裁器,运行于冻结的视觉语言模型(VLM)导航主干之上。它通过四种干预机制——持续、切换、终止、确认——动态管理目标队列。控制器将资源分配与验证分离:进度停滞和预算保留触发终止/切换,时间方差过滤决定确认。在可部署的可观测代理设置下,BAT-Nav在CR-WSF前沿上优于固定耐心、单信号、动态容量、容量+验证、重访容量及前沿效用控制器。在HM3D上,BAT-Nav-Observable达到0.345 CR / 0.682 WSF,CR提升0.063,WSF降低0.053;在MP3D上达0.263 CR / 0.748 WSF,CR提升0.061,WSF降低0.047。行为诊断显示,其每轮尝试更多目标,未解决目标垄断率从HM3D的0.39降至0.18,MP3D从0.44降至0.27。理想遥测数据作为上限参考,非可部署设置。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Long-horizon semantic navigation asks a robot to localize multiple open-vocabulary targets under a finite action budget. This setting exposes an execution failure that is largely hidden in single-goal ObjectNav: a low-yield or occluded target can monopolize the action budget of a reactive navigator and leave later goals unattempted. We present BAT-Nav, a training-free online goal arbitrator above a frozen VLM-guided navigation backbone. Rather than modifying the low-level policy, BAT-Nav monitors execution telemetry and updates the mission goal queue through four interventions: PERSIST, SWITCH, ABORT, and COMMIT. The controller separates allocation from verification: progress stagnation and budget retention drive ABORT/SWITCH, whereas temporal variance filtering governs COMMIT. In the deployable observable-proxy setting, BAT-Nav improves the CR-WSF frontier over fixed-patience, single-signal, dynamic-cap, cap-plus-verification, revisit-cap, and frontier-utility controllers. On HM3D, BAT-Nav-Observable reaches 0.345 CR / 0.682 WSF, improving CR by 0.063 and reducing WSF by 0.053 over DynamicCapOnly. On MP3D, it reaches 0.263 CR / 0.748 WSF, improving CR by 0.061 and reducing WSF by 0.047 over DynamicCapOnly. Behavior diagnostics show that BAT-Nav attempts more goals per episode and reduces unresolved-goal monopoly rate from 0.39 to 0.18 on HM3D and from 0.44 to 0.27 on MP3D. Oracle telemetry is reported as an upper-bound ceiling rather than a deployable setting.

机器人导航预算约束目标调度VLM

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