arXiv:2605.17011cs.GRcs.CV2026-05

用拓扑感知的高斯溅射,把高维数据变成立体连续分布。

Topo-GS: Continuous Volumetric Embedding of High-Dimensional Data via Topological Gaussian Splatting

  • 将3D高斯溅射改造为无网格体积重建,避免离散点云缺陷
  • 通过正交普鲁斯特约束保持局部刚性,对齐高斯协方差与局部切面
  • 自动适配1维轨迹或2维表面,保持局部拓扑一致性

降维算法通常将高维数据映射到可视觉化的2D或3D空间,但传统依赖离散点云表示,易产生视觉遮挡和人为不连续,难以表达底层流形的连续密度。为此,我们提出Topo-GS,将3D高斯溅射(3DGS)重用于多维投影的无网格体积重建。不同于常规光度损失,Topo-GS采用局部几何约束驱动优化:通过求解正交普鲁斯特问题,强制实现尽可能刚性的先验,并显式对齐每个高斯的空间协方差与局部切空间。针对不同内在维度的数据,采用拓扑感知策略,分别设计损失函数以分别保持续1维轨迹或连贯2维曲面。定量与可视化评估表明,Topo-GS成功将离散散点图转化为连续体积表示,固有投影失真表现为可观测的几何变化,同时保持与离散基线相当的局部拓扑保真度。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Dimensionality reduction algorithms map high-dimensional data into visualizable 2D or 3D spaces, but traditionally rely on a discrete point-cloud paradigm. This discrete abstraction is susceptible to visual occlusion and artificial discontinuities, often failing to represent the continuous density of the underlying manifold. To address these limitations, we introduce Topo-GS, a framework that repurposes 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) to cast multidimensional projection as a meshless volumetric reconstruction process. Instead of standard photometric losses, Topo-GS is driven by local geometric constraints. By solving orthogonal Procrustes targets, the optimization enforces an As-Rigid-As-Possible prior while explicitly aligning the spatial covariance of each Gaussian to the local tangent space. Recognizing that unrolling data of varying intrinsic dimensionalities requires distinct spatial treatments, we utilize a topology-aware strategy that tailors the loss formulation to preserve either continuous 1D trajectories or cohesive 2D surfaces. Quantitative and visual evaluations demonstrate that Topo-GS successfully transforms discrete scatter plots into continuous volumetric representations, where inherent projection distortions explicitly manifest as observable geometric variations, while preserving local topological fidelity comparable to discrete baselines.

高维数据拓扑建模高斯溅射降维

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