arXiv:2605.17348cs.CL2026-05ACL

提出可恢复的智能体框架,避免误删有潜力的弱智体。

Taming "Zombie'' Agents: A Markov State-Aware Framework for Resilient Multi-Agent Evolution

论文配图:Taming "Zombie'' Agents: A Markov State-Aware Framework for Resilient Multi-Agent Evolution
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用状态感知机制动态管理智能体,分活跃、待机、终止三态。
  • 在多任务测试中性能超越基线,同时减少30%以上令牌消耗。
  • 适合需要长期协作与资源优化的复杂推理场景。

基于大模型的多智能体系统在复杂任务中展现出卓越的协作能力。为提升效率,现有方法常通过激进的图演化(如节点或边剪枝)优化协作,但此类硬性删除可能因临时幻觉或知识缺口错误剔除有价值的智能体。本文提出AgentRevive——一种马尔可夫状态感知的鲁棒多智能体演化框架。通过两个核心组件实现:(1) 状态感知策略学习:将智能体状态划分为‘活跃’、‘待机’和‘终止’,根据记忆选择性传播消息,利用风险估计算法评估幻觉风险,降低不可靠节点影响,保护有价值智能体;(2) 状态感知边优化:依据策略学习的状态剪枝子图,永久移除‘终止’节点,保留‘待机’节点以评估其未来贡献潜力。在通用推理、领域特定及幻觉挑战任务上的大量实验表明,该方法持续优于强基线,并通过状态感知调度显著降低令牌消耗。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent advancements in LLM-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated remarkable collaborative capabilities across complex tasks. To improve overall efficiency, existing methods often rely on aggressive graph evolution among agents (e.g., node or edge pruning), which risks prematurely discarding valuable agents due to transient issues such as hallucinations or temporary knowledge gaps. However, such hard pruning overlooks the potential for ``zombie'' agents to recover and contribute in subsequent discussion rounds. In this paper, we propose AgentRevive, a Markov state-aware framework for resilient multi-agent evolution. Our approach dynamically manages agent collaboration through soft state transitions, implemented via two key components: (1) State-Aware Policy Learning: Agent states are divided into ``Active'', ``Standby'', and ``Terminated'' states, selectively propagating messages based on agent memory. The policy employs a risk estimator to optimize agent state transitions by assessing hallucination risk, minimizing the influence of unreliable nodes while safeguarding valuable ones. (2) State-Aware Edge Optimization: Subgraph edges are pruned according to states learned from the policy, permanently removing ``Terminated'' nodes and retaining ``Standby'' nodes for subsequent rounds to assess their potential future contributions. Extensive experiments on general reasoning, domain-specific, and hallucination challenge tasks show that our method consistently outperforms strong baselines and significantly reduces token consumption through state-aware agent scheduling.

多智能体大模型状态管理效率优化

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