用混合模型实现3D壁湍流长时序预测,误差更小、耗时更低。
Long-horizon prediction of three-dimensional wall-bounded turbulence with CTA-Swin-UNet and resolvent analysis

- 引入通道-时间注意力模块的Swin-UNet模型,提升预测稳定性。
- 可稳定预测150步,结合修正策略后达300步,远超基线模型。
- 适合流体力学、气候模拟等需要长期高精度预测的研究者。
三维壁面约束湍流的长时序预测因自回归误差快速累积和计算成本高而极具挑战。为此,本文提出一种混合机器学习框架:采用通道-时间注意力Swin-UNet(CTA-Swin-UNet)模型预测壁面平行平面内的流场,并通过多时间尺度融合修正(MTFC)策略提升长期性能;再利用基于共振分析的谱线性随机估计(SLSE)方法从平面预测结果重构三维流场。结果表明,CTA-Swin-UNet在单步预测和自回归滚动预测中均优于基准模型(LSTM、FNO与传统Swin-UNet),在相同时间间隔下可稳定运行约150步,而基线模型仅能维持20至50步。引入MTFC后,预测时长扩展至300步。结合SLSE重建的三维流场结构与能量谱分布与真实情况高度吻合,验证了该框架在长期自回归预测3D壁面湍流中的有效性与计算高效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Long-horizon prediction of three-dimensional (3D) wall-bounded turbulence with machine-learning methods remains a challenging task, due to the rapid accumulation of autoregressive errors and the substantially computational cost. To address these challenges, we present a hybrid machine-learning framework, in which a channel-time-attention Swin-UNet (CTA-Swin-UNet) and a multi-time-scale fusion correction (MTFC) strategy are developed to predict the turbulent flow fields in a wall-parallel plane, with affordable computational cost. Then, 3D flow fields are reconstructed via a resolvent-based spectral linear stochastic estimation (SLSE), rooting from the predicted planar flow. Results show that the CTA-Swin-UNet outperforms the baseline models (LSTM, FNO and traditional Swin-UNet) in both single-step prediction and autoregressive rollouts, indicating the effectiveness of introducing the CTA module into the Swin-UNet architecture. At the same temporal interval, the CTA-Swin-UNet remains stable for approximately 150 rollout steps, while the baseline models fail within 20 to 50 rollout steps. After introducing the MTFC strategy, a longer horizon upto 300 steps is achieved. Using the resolvent-based SLSE reconstruction further recovers the 3D flow structures and energy spectral distributions from the predicted planar inputs, which demonstrates that the proposed framework provides an effective and computationally efficient approach for long-horizon autoregressive prediction of 3D wall-bounded turbulence.
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