研究读者如何通过回视纠正语义错觉句子中的潜在错误。
Readers make targeted regressions to plausible errors in reanalysis of "noisy-channel garden-path" sentences
- 基于噪声信道模型，分析读者在理解误导性句子时的回视行为。
- 发现回视集中在可能出错的位置，与后期信息推断一致。
- 为语言理解中的纠错机制提供了实证支持，适合认知科学爱好者。
心理语言学的核心问题之一是语言输入意义的推断如何在理解过程中逐步展开。本文研究了‘噪声信道花园路径’句式的阅读动态，这类句子看似结构合理，但后期出现预期违背，其解决方式并非重构句法，而是推断存在错误。研究发现，读者会出现针对性回视——眼动朝向后续信息提示可能存在错误的区域，表现出与噪声信道再分析模型后验推断一致的模式。这些结果对噪声信道语言理解理论及信息论解释阅读动态具有重要意义。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
A key question in psycholinguistics is how inferences about the meaning of linguistic input unfold incrementally a comprehender's mind. In this work, we study reading dynamics for ``noisy-channel garden-path'' sentences, which temporarily appear well-formed but feature late-appearing violations of expectation that can be resolved not by inferring an alternative syntactic structure, but by inferring the presence of an error. We find evidence for targeted regressions -- eye movements towards regions that are promising loci of possible errors in light of later-arriving information, showing patterns consistent with the posterior inferences of a model of noisy-channel processing with reanalysis. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories of noisy-channel language comprehension and information-theoretic explanations of reading dynamics.
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