arXiv:2605.18570cs.AI2026-05

让医学知识对齐更智能,根据查询动态匹配实体

Query-Conditioned Knowledge Alignment for Reliable Cross-System Medical Reasoning

论文配图:Query-Conditioned Knowledge Alignment for Reliable Cross-System Medical Reasoning
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用查询条件动态匹配跨系统实体,不再固定映射
  • 在中医西医知识图谱上提升对齐效果,尤其在高排名指标上
  • 适合医疗知识融合、智能问诊等需要精准对齐的场景

跨领域医学知识对齐对整合异构医疗系统至关重要,但现有方法通常将实体对齐视为静态匹配问题,忽略了查询上下文和系统间不对称性。这一局限在整合式医疗场景中尤为严重,因概念对应关系具有上下文依赖性、非双射性和方向敏感性。本文提出查询条件化实体对齐(QCEA),将实体对齐重新定义为查询条件下的对应问题。不学习固定的实体表示映射,而是将源端实体文本描述作为查询,在目标图谱中排序候选实体,实现上下文感知对齐。框架融合语义编码、图表示学习与方向感知变换模块,捕捉异构知识系统间的非对称、多对多对应关系。在基于SymMap构建的中医-西医知识图谱上评估,涵盖症状对齐与草药-分子对齐任务。实验结果表明,QCEA在代表性基线基础上持续提升,尤其在命中率(Hit@K)和平均倒数排名(MRR)等秩敏感指标上表现显著。下游检索增强生成(RAG)实验进一步证明,优化对齐带来更优证据检索、更强事实锚定与更高回答准确率。研究强调,对齐不仅是数据集成步骤,更是影响跨系统医学推理中知识可访问性与可靠性的关键因素。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cross-domain knowledge alignment is essential for integrating heterogeneous medical systems, yet existing approaches typically treat entity alignment as a static matching problem, ignoring query context and cross-system asymmetry. This limitation is particularly critical in integrative medical settings, where correspondence between concepts is inherently context-dependent, non-bijective, and direction-sensitive. In this paper, we propose Query-Conditioned Entity Alignment (QCEA), which reformulates entity alignment as a query-conditioned correspondence problem. Instead of learning a fixed mapping between entity representations, QCEA treats the textual description of a source entity as a query and ranks candidate entities in the target graph, enabling context-dependent alignment. The framework integrates semantic encoding, graph-based representation learning, and a direction-aware transformation module to capture asymmetric and many-to-many correspondence across heterogeneous knowledge systems. We evaluate QCEA on TCM--WM knowledge graphs derived from SymMap, covering both symptom alignment and herb--molecule alignment tasks. Experimental results show consistent improvements over representative baselines, particularly on rank-sensitive metrics such as Hit@K and MRR. Furthermore, downstream retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) experiments demonstrate that improved alignment leads to better evidence retrieval, stronger grounding, and higher answer accuracy. These findings highlight that alignment is not merely a data integration step, but a key factor that shapes knowledge accessibility and reliability in cross-system medical reasoning.

知识对齐医学推理跨系统RAG

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