让不懂AI的科研人员也能一步步构建专业级人工智能流程。
From Intent to AI Pipelines: A Controlled Agentic Framework for Non-AI Expert Scientists

- 用大模型引导用户分四步搭建AI流程,全程可干预
- 在生物、医疗等领域生成的模型表现接近专家水平
- 特别适合无编程基础的科研工作者快速上手
人工智能流水线已成为现代研究的核心工具,广泛应用于医学、农业和社科领域,支持大规模数据分析、预测建模与复杂任务自动化。然而,由于构建端到端AI系统需专业知识,许多研究人员仍难以实现。为此,我们提出领域驱动自适应AI流水线(DDAP),一种可控的人机协同智能体框架,利用大语言模型引导用户系统化构建AI流水线及其代码。该框架将开发过程分为四个阶段:问题定义、计算环境设定、流水线生成和代码生成。通过多阶段交互,框架能适应领域背景、用户能力和资源限制,同时保持用户对关键决策的控制。我们在涵盖商业、生物学和健康科学领域的多个数据集上评估了DDAP,将其生成的模型与专家模型进行对比。实验结果表明,DDAP在多个任务中达到与专家基线相当的性能,尽管在文本聚类等任务上表现有所差异。通过引导式交互、适应性设计与可复现性,证明了受控智能体框架可为非专家用户提供具有竞争力的AI流水线解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Artificial Intelligence (AI) pipelines have become integral to modern research, supporting fields such as Medical Sciences, Agriculture, and Social Sciences, and enabling large-scale data analysis, predictive modeling, and the automation of complex tasks. However, designing and implementing AI solutions remains challenging for many researchers due to the expertise required in the design and development of end-to-end AI systems. To address this gap, we present Domain-Driven Adaptable AI Pipelines (DDAP), a controlled, human-in-the-loop, agentic framework that leverages large language models to guide users in a systematic construction of AI pipelines and their corresponding implementation code. DDAP structures the development process into four stages: problem definition, compute environment specification, pipeline generation, and code generation. Through this staged interaction, the framework adapts to domain context, user expertise, and resource constraints, while maintaining user control over key decisions. We evaluate DDAP across multiple datasets spanning business, biology, and health science domains by comparing its AI models against expert-developed models. The experimental results show that DDAP achieves competitive results in several tasks compared to expert baselines, although performance varies across problem types, particularly for text-based clustering tasks. By combining guided interaction, adaptability, and reproducibility, DDAP demonstrates that a controlled agentic framework can generate competitive AI pipelines for non-expert users.
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