arXiv:2605.18872cs.LGcs.AI2026-05

EUPHORIA让机器人装配无需重训,高效适配复杂建筑结构。

EUPHORIA: Efficient Universal Planning via Hybrid Optimization for Robust Industrial Robotic Assembly

论文配图:EUPHORIA: Efficient Universal Planning via Hybrid Optimization for Robust Industrial Robotic Assembly
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用图超网络动态生成策略参数,少样本快速适应新几何
  • 结合物理力反馈注意力,规划出更稳固的装配顺序
  • 融合仿真与实时校正,实现高稳定性的真实部署

建筑机器人装配长期面临两大瓶颈:现有规划器要么高度专用,需为每种新几何结构大量重训练;要么效率低下,将结构排序与运动规划割裂处理。本文提出EUPHORIA,通过混合优化实现通用少样本适应与动态高效性。为突破重训瓶颈,提出基于图超网络的元几何编码器:不同于传统对比学习仅做特征识别,该超网络从极小支持集动态生成策略参数,无需梯度更新即可适应穹顶、拱形等复杂拓扑。针对结构推理,引入基于软演员-评论家(SAC)训练的物理感知图变换器,其物理偏置注意力机制利用离散元法(DEM)模拟中的接触力调节注意力权重,引导规划聚焦于结构关键连接。为保障运行效率,采用运动学感知排序,使SAC目标函数惩罚高能耗过渡动作。最后,通过残差稳定性校正层弥合仿真到现实的差距,该可微分优化层在执行前最小化联合能量-稳定性成本以微调粗略装配动作。实验表明,EUPHORIA显著降低能耗,相比解耦基线在未见过的非标准几何上达到顶尖成功率,仅需少量少样本示例,融合元学习、物理感知注意力与残差优化,形成统一且泛化的规划框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robotic assembly in architectural construction faces a persistent bottleneck: existing planners are either highly specialized, requiring prohibitive retraining for every new geometric design, or operationally inefficient, treating structural sequencing and kinematic motion as disjoint processes. We present EUPHORIA, a unified framework that achieves universal few-shot adaptability and dynamic efficiency through a hybrid optimization strategy. To overcome the retraining bottleneck, we propose a Meta-Geometric Encoder based on Graph Hypernetworks: unlike standard contrastive learning, which performs only feature-level recognition, our hypernetwork dynamically generates policy parameters from a minimal support set, enabling parameter-level adaptation to complex topologies (e.g., domes, arches) without gradient-based retraining. For structural reasoning, we introduce a Physics-Informed Graph Transformer trained via Soft Actor-Critic (SAC), with a Physics-Bias Attention mechanism that modulates attention scores using contact forces from Discrete Element Model (DEM) simulations, guiding the planner toward structurally critical connections. We further ensure operational efficiency through Kinematics-Aware Sequencing, where the SAC objective penalizes high-energy transitions. Finally, we bridge the Sim2Real gap via Residual Stability Correction, a differentiable optimization layer that fine-tunes coarse assembly actions by minimizing a joint energy-stability cost prior to execution. Experiments show that EUPHORIA significantly reduces energy consumption over decoupled baselines and achieves state-of-the-art success rates on unseen, non-standard geometries with minimal few-shot examples, fusing meta-learning, physics-informed attention, and residual optimization into a cohesive, generalized planner.

机器人装配元学习物理感知少样本

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