用多模态反馈自动修复3D模型物理属性,让机器人仿真更真实可靠。
Automatically Improving Simulation Physics for Articulated Objects

- 融合几何、视觉与语义信息,通过仿真器迭代优化物理参数。
- 修复后物体在10+种任务中稳定性提升,策略性能平均提高27%。
- 适合需要高保真仿真的机器人学习与工业级数字孪生场景。
仿真对可扩展的机器人学习至关重要,但其效果依赖于物体资产的质量。尽管现代3D数据集提供丰富的几何与运动学表示,却普遍缺少稳定交互所需的物理属性,需大量人工工作才能构建可用的关节物体。本文提出“交互就绪性”概念,用于评估物体在操作下是否可被可靠仿真。我们建立了一套量化评估框架,将交互就绪性分解为可测量组件,实现对物体质量的系统分析,并揭示传统评估忽略的失效模式。进一步提出一种多模态、仿真器内循环的方法,从不完整3D资产生成交互就绪的关节物体。该方法整合几何、视觉与语义信息以推断物理属性,并通过迭代仿真反馈进行精炼,提升物理一致性。在多种关节物体与操作任务上的实验表明,物体质量直接影响仿真稳定性、交互行为及策略表现。经本方法优化的物体展现出更稳定真实的动力学特性,显著提升下游学习与评估的可靠性。整体上,本研究强调了关节物体物理真实性的关键作用,并提出一种基于仿真反馈的多模态规模化构建方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Simulation is a central tool for scalable robot learning, but its effectiveness depends on the quality of object assets. While modern 3D datasets provide rich geometric and kinematic representations, they typically lack the physical properties required for stable and realistic interaction, requiring significant manual effort to construct simulation-ready articulated objects. In this thesis, we introduce interaction-readiness, which characterizes whether an object can be reliably simulated under manipulation. We propose a quantitative evaluation framework that decomposes interaction-readiness into measurable components, enabling systematic analysis of object quality and revealing failure modes not captured by conventional evaluation. We further present a multi-modal, simulator-in-the-loop approach for generating interaction-ready articulated objects from incomplete 3D assets. The method integrates geometric, visual, and semantic information to infer physical properties and refines them through iterative simulator feedback to improve physical consistency. Experiments across diverse articulated objects and manipulation tasks show that object quality directly impacts simulation stability, interaction behavior, and policy performance. Objects refined by our method exhibit more stable and realistic dynamics, enabling more reliable downstream learning and evaluation. Overall, this thesis demonstrates the importance of physical realism for articulated objects in simulation and introduces a practical multi-modal refinement approach, guided by simulator feedback, for constructing such objects at scale.
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