arXiv:2605.19703cs.RO2026-05中稿 · an IEEE Vehicular …被引 1

提出KIO-planner,实现无人机在密闭环境下的快速安全飞行

KIO-planner: Attention-Guided Single-Stage Motion Planning with Dual Mapping for UAV Navigation

论文配图:KIO-planner: Attention-Guided Single-Stage Motion Planning with Dual Mapping for UAV Navigation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用注意力机制聚焦关键结构边缘和可通行区域
  • 双映射机制使飞行速度达3.0 m/s,碰撞距离提升至0.76 m
  • 适合对实时性与安全性要求高的无人机导航任务

在结构密集的狭小环境中实现低延迟、高可靠的自主无人机飞行,需满足严格的避障约束。传统优化类规划器存在映射延迟问题,易陷入局部最优;现有端到端学习方法难以从原始深度图中提取精细几何特征,且缺乏硬性动力学约束,导致靠近墙壁时出现不可预测碰撞。为此,我们提出KIO-planner,一种注意力引导的单阶段轨迹规划框架。首先,在感知主干中集成卷积块注意力模块(CBAM),自适应聚焦关键结构边缘与可通行空间。其次,引入新型双映射机制——包含物理边界激活与确定性几何安全盾牌(在深度像素空间中),无需全局地图融合即可强制实现动力学可行与无碰撞飞行。大量高保真仿真实验表明,KIO-planner可支持最高3.0 m/s的高速敏捷飞行。相比最先进基线,其推理延迟降低至约24 ms,轨迹更平滑,控制成本减少28.4%。尤为关键的是,双映射将最差情况下的安全裕度(最小障碍物距离)从0.48 m提升至0.76 m,确保在高度受限环境下实现快速、平滑、安全的导航。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Autonomous UAV flight in confined, wall-dense environments requires low-latency and reliable motion planning under strict safety constraints. Traditional optimization-based planners suffer from mapping latency and easily fall into local minima when navigating through dense structural obstacles. Meanwhile, existing end-to-end learning methods struggle to extract fine-grained geometric features from raw depth images and lack hard kinodynamic constraints, leading to unpredictable collisions near walls. To address these issues, we propose KIO-planner, an attention-guided single-stage trajectory planning framework. First, we integrate a Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) into the perception backbone to adaptively focus on critical structural edges and traversable space. Second, we introduce a novel Dual Mapping mechanism--comprising physical bounds activation and a deterministic Geometric Safety Shield in the depth-pixel space--to enforce kinodynamic feasibility and collision-free flight without global map fusion. Extensive high-fidelity simulated experiments demonstrate that KIO-planner enables highly agile navigation at speeds up to 3.0 m/s. Compared to the state-of-the-art baseline, KIO-planner achieves lower inference latency (approximately 24 ms) and generates significantly smoother trajectories, reducing control cost by 28.4%. Most notably, our Dual Mapping substantially increases the worst-case safety margin, measured by minimum distance to obstacles, from 0.48 m to 0.76 m, ensuring fast, smooth, and safer navigation in highly constrained environments.

无人机导航运动规划注意力机制安全飞行

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