arXiv:2605.19916cs.LGcs.AI2026-05

无需节点特征,仅用部分成对标签就能快速学习图节点表示。

Fast and Featureless Node Representation Learning with Partial Pairwise Supervision

论文配图:Fast and Featureless Node Representation Learning with Partial Pairwise Supervision
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 直接优化融合社区结构与符号约束的谱对比目标
  • 在百万边图上训练速度显著快于现有方法
  • 适合无节点特征的大规模图数据,尤其适合快速迭代

我们提出 Contrastive FUSE,一种高效统一的框架,用于在仅有部分成对节点标签且无节点特征的图中进行可扩展的节点表示学习。不同于现有方法,我们直接优化一个集成社区感知结构信号与有符号成对约束的谱对比目标。为支持大规模训练,我们用轻量级近似替代昂贵的模块度梯度,在保持模块度结构探索特性的同时大幅降低计算成本。该方法具备自然的梯度分解和自适应学习率缩放,可在百万边图上实现快速迭代更新。在基准引文网络、大型共购图及 OGB 数据集上的大量实验表明,Contrastive FUSE 在不依赖节点特征的情况下实现了竞争性或更优的对比分类性能,同时相比现有基线显著提升运行效率。结果表明,将模块度启发的结构学习与对比监督结合,能有效实现高效可扩展的对比节点表示学习。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We introduce Contrastive FUSE, a fast and unified framework for scalable node representation learning in graphs with partially available pairwise node labels and no available node features. Unlike existing methods, we directly optimize a spectral contrastive objective that integrates community-aware structural signals with signed pairwise constraints. To support large-scale training, we replace the expensive modularity gradient with a lightweight approximation, which preserves the structure-seeking behavior of modularity while reducing the computational cost significantly. This yields an efficient optimization scheme with a natural gradient decomposition and adaptive learning-rate scaling, enabling fast iterative updates even on million-edge graphs. Extensive experiments on benchmark citation networks, large co-purchase graphs, and OGB datasets show that Contrastive FUSE achieves competitive or superior contrastive classification performance without relying on node features, while offering substantial runtime gains over existing baselines. These results highlight the effectiveness of coupling modularity-inspired structural learning with contrastive supervision for efficient and scalable contrastive node representation learning.

图神经网络对比学习无特征学习大规模图

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