arXiv:2605.20055cs.SEcs.AI2026-05

用大模型辅助恢复复杂机器人系统的分层架构,提升结构一致性与可扩展性。

Towards LLM-Assisted Architecture Recovery for Real-World ROS~2 Systems: An Agent-Based Multi-Level Approach to Hierarchical Structural Architecture Reconstruction

论文配图:Towards LLM-Assisted Architecture Recovery for Real-World ROS~2 Systems: An Agent-Based Multi-Level Approach to Hierarchical Structural Architecture Reconstruction
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于多级中间表示和分阶段策略,融合节点与启动文件依赖关系
  • 在真实协作机械臂系统上实现更高结构一致性与鲁棒性恢复
  • 适合需要理解复杂ROS2系统架构的研究者与开发者

显式的软件架构模型对于复杂软件系统的设计、分析与演化至关重要。然而,在基于ROS2的机器人系统中,结构化的分解与集成语义往往仅隐含于源代码、启动文件等分布式组件中,导致分层架构的恢复极为困难。现有方法主要聚焦于节点级实体与通信连接,难以支持跨抽象层次的结构化(解)耦合恢复。本文在先前提出的蓝图引导型大模型辅助架构恢复流程基础上,提出两项改进:(1) 优化提示工程以增强架构生成的一致性与可控性;(2) 提出基于多级中间架构表示的分阶段恢复策略,整合原子节点列表与启动文件依赖,实现跨多个抽象层级的结构约束重建。实验基于一个真实的协作机械臂自动化拆卸系统,其集成复杂度与功能丰富性显著高于以往案例。结果表明,新方法在结构一致性、可扩展性与鲁棒性方面均有提升,同时揭示了大规模ROS2系统中动态集成语义仍存挑战。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Explicit software architecture models are essential artifacts for communicating, analyzing, and evolving complex software-intensive systems. In ROS~2-based robotic systems, however, structural (de-)composition and integration semantics are often only implicitly encoded across distributed artifacts such as source code and launch files, making recovery of hierarchical architecture particularly difficult. Existing approaches mainly focus on node-level entities and communication wiring, while providing limited support for recovering hierarchical structural (de-)composition across multiple abstraction levels. In this paper, we extend our previously proposed blueprint-guided LLM-assisted architecture recovery pipeline for ROS~2 systems through two major enhancements: (1) refined prompting to improve the consistency and controllability of architecture synthesis, and (2) a staged recovery strategy based on multi-level intermediate architectural representations that incorporate the atomic ROS node list and launch file dependencies, thereby enabling structurally constrained reconstruction across multiple abstraction levels. The approach is evaluated on a real-world automated product disassembly system based on cooperative robotic arms and heterogeneous ROS~2 artifacts. Compared to our previous work, the considered case study exhibits substantially higher integration complexity and richer functionality. The results demonstrate improved structural consistency, scalability, and robustness of architecture recovery, while also revealing remaining challenges related to dynamic integration semantics in large-scale ROS~2 systems.

架构恢复ROS2大模型机器人系统

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