arXiv:2605.20538cs.CV2026-05

解决动态环境下的持续语义分割难题,提升模型鲁棒性。

Continual Segmentation under Joint Nonstationarity

论文配图:Continual Segmentation under Joint Nonstationarity
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 引入梯度自适应稳定机制,缓解分布漂移下的过拟合问题。
  • 结合半监督学习与原型锚定监督,提升少样本场景下性能。
  • 适用于标签稀疏、数据分布变化的复杂实际场景。

持续语义分割中,语义类别、输入分布与标注可用性会同时随时间演变,形成联合非平稳性,这更贴近真实系统但此前研究多孤立处理各因素。本文正式定义此类联合变化下的持续分割任务,探索在标注有限、未标注数据丰富的异构密集预测环境中学习。为应对分布漂移下少样本监督带来的不稳定性与过拟合,提出梯度自适应稳定化机制,通过梯度缩放的随机扰动实现参数级正则化,促进稳定性与可塑性的平衡。进一步利用未标注数据,采用半监督学习并引入原型锚定监督,通过联合置信度与原型一致性验证伪标签。实验在类别增量、领域增量及少样本场景下均显著优于现有方法,揭示了现有持续分割方法的根本缺陷,并为动态演化环境下构建鲁棒密集预测器提供了洞见。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Evolving data streams induce joint nonstationarity in continual semantic segmentation, where semantic classes, input distributions, and supervision availability change simultaneously over time. This setting reflects practical structured prediction systems, yet remains largely unexplored in prior continual learning work, which typically studies these factors in isolation. We formalize continual segmentation under coupled class, domain, and label shifts and investigate learning in heterogeneous dense prediction environments with limited annotations and abundant unlabeled data. To address instability and overfitting arising from few-shot supervision under distribution drift, we introduce gradient-adaptive stabilization, a parameter-wise regularization mechanism implemented via gradient-scaled stochastic perturbations that promotes a principled stability-plasticity tradeoff. We further leverage unlabeled data through semi-supervised learning and introduce prototype anchored supervision that validates pseudo-labels via joint confidence and prototype consistency. Together, these mechanisms enable learning under joint nonstationarity in continual segmentation. Extensive empirical evaluation across class-incremental, domain-incremental, and few-shot regimes demonstrates consistent improvements over prior methods in heterogeneous structured prediction settings. Our results expose fundamental failure modes of existing continual segmentation approaches and provide insight into learning robust dense predictors in dynamically evolving environments.

持续分割非平稳性半监督少样本

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