arXiv:2605.21112cs.CV2026-05

提升雷达特征编码,用更简单方法实现更高精度与实时检测。

RCGDet3D: Rethinking 4D Radar-Camera Fusion-based 3D Object Detection with Enhanced Radar Feature Encoding

论文配图:RCGDet3D: Rethinking 4D Radar-Camera Fusion-based 3D Object Detection with Enhanced Radar Feature Encoding
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 改进雷达特征编码,分离坐标变换与表征学习以增强几何一致性。
  • 在VoD和TJ4DRadSet上达到领先精度,推理速度更快。
  • 适合追求高效实时3D目标检测的自动驾驶系统研发者。

4D汽车雷达因成本低、鲁棒性强,在自动驾驶中不可或缺,但其点云稀疏性给3D目标检测带来挑战。现有雷达-相机融合方法依赖复杂融合策略,虽小幅提升性能却牺牲了推理速度,难以满足实时部署需求。相比之下,从稀疏雷达点中提取特征耗时更低,但研究不足。本文发现,单纯强化雷达特征提取即可达到甚至超越复杂融合模块的性能,同时保持实时性。为此提出RCGDet3D,核心在于优化雷达特征编码,简化多模态融合流程。其编码器基于RadarGaussianDet3D中的高效高斯点云编码器(PGE),引入两项改进:一是射线中心的PGE(R-PGE),在射线对齐坐标系中预测高斯属性,再统一至鸟瞰图(BEV)空间,显著提升几何一致性并降低学习难度;二是语义注入(SI)模块,融合图像视觉线索,生成更精确几何与语义信息的雷达特征。在View-of-Delft(VoD)与TJ4DRadSet数据集上的实验表明,RCGDet3D在准确率与速度上均优于当前最优方法,为实时部署树立新基准。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

4D automotive radar is indispensable for autonomous driving due to its low cost and robustness, yet its point cloud sparsity challenges 3D object detection. Existing 4D radar-camera fusion methods focus on complex fusion strategies, trading inference speed for marginal gains. This trade-off hinders real-time deployment due to heavy computation on dense feature maps. In contrast, feature extraction from sparse radar points is less time-consuming but remains under-explored. This work uncovers that simply enhancing radar feature extraction can achieve comparable or even higher performance than elaborate fusion modules, while maintaining real-time performance. Based on this finding, we propose RCGDet3D, which centers on radar feature encoding and simplifies multi-modal fusion. Its encoder inherits from the efficient Gaussian Splatting-based Point Gaussian Encoder (PGE) in RadarGaussianDet3D with two key improvements. First, the Ray-centric PGE (R-PGE) predicts Gaussian attributes in ray-aligned coordinate systems before unifying them to Bird's-Eye View (BEV) space, significantly improving geometric consistency and reducing learning difficulty by decoupling the coordinate transformation from representation learning. Second, a Semantic Injection (SI) module incorporates visual cues from images, producing more geometrically accurate and semantically enriched radar features. Experiments on View-of-Delft (VoD) and TJ4DRadSet show that RCGDet3D outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both accuracy and speed, setting a new benchmark for real-time deployment.

3D检测雷达融合实时感知特征编码

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