arXiv:2605.21138cs.RO2026-05

提出安全控制新方法,解决接触动力学平滑化带来的力约束失效问题。

Safety-Critical Control for Smoothed Implicit Contact Dynamics

论文配图:Safety-Critical Control for Smoothed Implicit Contact Dynamics
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于一阶泰勒展开构建离散时间控制屏障函数
  • 通过边界聚焦模拟筛选平滑参数κ,避免力误差与安全边距矛盾
  • 增加固定鲁棒裕量,有效防止接触力低估导致的违规

平滑隐式接触动力学使高接触任务的梯度规划成为可能,但安全控制仍具挑战性,因隐式接触动力学使安全过滤设计复杂。平滑参数κ放松了接触互补性约束,虽使动力学更平滑,却影响接触力精度。本文提出在使用松弛互补性约束下,仍能对实际接触力进行边界估计的方法。我们发现约束违反情况在κ上并非单调变化:较小的κ虽减小力近似误差,但未必提升安全性。为此,引入边界聚焦滚动(boundary-focused rollouts)来通过比较安全裕度与近似误差筛选κ值。进一步基于接触力的隐式定义,采用一阶泰勒近似构建离散时间控制屏障函数(CBF)。为应对可能的力低估,额外加入固定鲁棒裕量以强化安全约束。四类高接触系统仿真结果表明,该方法彻底消除了标准CBF下的力违规现象。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Smoothed implicit contact dynamics enables gradient-based planning and control for contact-rich tasks without predefined mode sequences. However, safety-critical control remains challenging because implicit contact dynamics makes safety-filter design nontrivial. The smoothing parameter $κ$ relaxes contact complementarity constraints, which makes the dynamics smooth but affects the contact force. This paper provides a method for bounding the actual contact force despite the use of relaxed complementarity constraints. We show that constraint violations can be non-monotonic in $κ$. Smaller $κ$ reduces force-approximation error, but it does not necessarily improve safety performance. To address this issue, we introduce boundary-focused rollouts to screen $κ$ by comparing the safety margin with the approximation error. We then develop a discrete-time control barrier function (CBF) framework based on a first-order Taylor approximation of the implicitly defined contact force. To account for possible force under-prediction, we augment the resulting safety constraint with a fixed robust margin. Simulations on four contact-rich systems show that the proposed method eliminates force violations observed under a standard CBF.

接触动力学安全控制屏障函数机器人控制

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