用大模型分析不同语言中形态同化如何影响语法错误
Quantifying the cross-linguistic effects of syncretism on agreement attraction
- 用大模型的意外度和注意力熵做语言处理代理
- 发现形态同化会加剧英德语的语法错配，但不影响土耳其语
- 为跨语言语法差异提供新解释视角，适合语言学与NLP研究者
语法吸引错误指动词错误地与中间名词而非主语一致。在英语、德语、俄语中，形态同化会放大此类错误，但在土耳其语、亚美尼亚语中则无此现象，这一跨语言规律尚无系统解释。本文使用大型语言模型生成的意外度与注意力熵作为语言处理指标，研究四种语言中的该现象。结果显示，模型指标复现了英语和德语中的同化效应，与土耳其语的无效应结果一致，并部分捕捉到俄语模式。研究为理解为何同化在不同语言中影响各异提供了新方向。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agreement attraction errors, in which a verb erroneously agrees with an intervening noun rather than its grammatical head, are amplified by morphological syncretism in some languages (English, German, Russian) but not others (Turkish, Armenian), a cross-linguistic pattern without a principled account. We use surprisal and attention entropy from large language models as processing proxies to investigate this variation across four languages. LLM-derived measures replicate behavioral findings in English and German (syncretism modulates attraction), align with Turkish null results (no modulation), and partially capture Russian patterns. We discuss further directions for better understanding why syncretism affects agreement attraction differently across languages.
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