为事件相机流设计无任务依赖的完整性度量,助力自动驾驶安全认证
A Task-Agnostic Algebraic Integrity Metric for Event-Camera Streams Toward SOTIF-Compliant Perception using Pearson Correlation Coefficient
- 基于皮尔逊相关系数,将图像级度量扩展至事件流三种表示形式
- 在隧道俯冲异常场景中,相关系数从0.93骤降至0以下触发警报
- 无需下游任务即可评估流完整性,适合自动驾驶SOTIF安全认证
事件相机作为自动驾驶系统中高带宽、低延迟的感知模态,具备微秒级时间分辨率、120-140 dB动态范围及无运动模糊特性。然而,当前尚无直接作用于异步事件流的任务无关质量度量:现有先进代理指标需依赖下游任务(如检测准确率、跟踪误差)评估流完整性,与ISO 21448(SOTIF)和ISO/PAS 8800:2024的认证要求不兼容。近期BiasBench基准(CVPR 2025)明确指出了这一缺口。本文提出统一代数框架,将皮尔逊相关系数(PCC)从图像级应用拓展至事件流三种标准表示:时间表面(Time Surface)、事件帧(Event Frame)和体素网格(Voxel Grid),生成三项度量:(i) r-TS用于监控与自车运动预测时间表面的一致性;(ii) r2-EF实现仅需整数比较的自适应感兴趣区选择;(iii) r-VG用于时间冗余门控。建立事件相机对比阈值机制(|Delta L| >= C)与基于PCC的变化判据之间的结构同构关系,形式化三类度量,并对原始流的延迟与信息损失进行对称分析。在程序生成的合成事件流上展示了各度量行为,该流通过发射模型直接模拟生成,非源自真实或视频衍生数据,包含隧道俯冲完整性异常场景,此时r_C由0.93(一致流)降至低于0(报警)。每项贡献均以显式认识论标记([ESTABLISHED], [SOLID], [HYPOTH.], [OPEN])标明状态。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Event cameras have emerged as a high-bandwidth, low-latency sensing modality for safety-critical perception in automated driving systems (ADS), offering microsecond temporal resolution, 120-140 dB dynamic range, and intrinsic absence of motion blur. However, no task-agnostic quality metric currently operates directly on the asynchronous event stream: state-of-the-art proxies require a downstream task (e.g., detection accuracy, tracking error) to assess stream integrity, which is incompatible with the certification requirements of ISO 21448 (SOTIF) and ISO/PAS 8800:2024. The recent BiasBench benchmark (CVPR 2025) explicitly identifies this gap. This work proposes a unified algebraic framework that lifts the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC), historically used in two prior works for redundancy filtering and ROI selection on frame-based images, to the three standard event representations: Time Surface, Event Frame, and Voxel Grid. The framework yields three metrics: (i) r-TS for stream integrity monitoring against an ego-motion-predicted Time Surface, (ii) r2-EF for adaptive ROI selection requiring only integer comparisons, and (iii) r-VG for temporal redundancy gating. A structural isomorphism is established between the contrast-threshold mechanism of the event camera (|Delta L| >= C) and the PCC-based change criterion, the three lifted metrics are formalized, and pipeline latency and information loss are analyzed symmetrically against the raw stream. Illustrative behavior of each metric is demonstrated on a procedural-synthetic event stream, generated by direct simulation of the emission model rather than drawn from any real or video-derived dataset, including a tunnel-dip integrity-anomaly scenario in which r_C drops from 0.93 (coherent flow) to below 0 (alarm). An explicit epistemic convention ([ESTABLISHED], [SOLID], [HYPOTH.], [OPEN]) delineates the status of every contribution.
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