arXiv:2605.21622cs.AI2026-05中稿 · publication in the…被引 1

让AI理解设计意图,自动优化出符合审美需求的结构。

TO-Agents: A Multi-Agent AI Framework for Subjective Preference-Guided Topology Optimization

论文配图:TO-Agents: A Multi-Agent AI Framework for Subjective Preference-Guided Topology Optimization
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用多智能体系统将自然语言意图转化为优化参数
  • 在两次设计任务中60%试验生成符合要求的结构
  • 适合希望省去参数调优、专注创意的设计师

拓扑优化可生成高效结构,但设计师常需手动将定性意图(如视觉风格、使用体验、可制造性)转化为与偏好无直接关联的求解器设置。我们提出TO-Agents,一种多智能体AI框架,将自然语言设计意图与迭代拓扑优化相连接。该框架将人类提供的问题描述转换为有效求解器输入,运行拓扑优化求解器,渲染三维结构,并通过独立裁判智能体进行多视角视觉-语言推理,评估结果并调整求解参数。我们在两个长周期设计任务中评估:悬臂梁基准测试和手机支架产品设计。在两项任务中,设计师均指定以自然树状结构为灵感的美学偏好,系统执行四轮修订循环,共十次独立复现。TO-Agents在每项案例中均有至少60%试验产出符合偏好的设计,成功率比去除视觉或历史反馈的简化流程高出最多6倍。裁判评分与人工评估表明,该流程能识别有效参数杠杆、纠正错误修订并拓展设计探索。制造智能体进一步对排名靠前的设计进行增材制造后处理,实现从意图到原型的端到端设计。我们也识别出失败模式,包括过冲、选择性记忆、工具误用及参数推理错误。结果表明,代理式拓扑优化可使设计师从底层参数调优转向高层形态与功能定义,同时凸显可靠自主工程设计所需的安全机制。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Topology optimization can generate efficient structures, but designers often must manually translate qualitative intent, such as desired visual style, product experience, or manufacturability into solver settings that are not directly tied to those preferences. We present TO-Agents, a multi-agent AI framework that connects natural-language design intent with iterative topology optimization. The framework converts a human-provided problem description into validated solver inputs, runs a topology optimization solver, renders the resulting 3D topology, and uses multiview vision-language reasoning with an independent judge agent to critique each result and revise solver parameters. We evaluate the framework on two long-horizon design tasks: a cantilever beam benchmark and a phone-stand product design. In both tasks, the designer specifies an aesthetic preference for hierarchically branched structures inspired by natural tree morphologies, and the system performs four revision cycles across ten independent replicates. TO-Agents produces at least one preference-aligned design in 60\% of trials for each case study, corresponding to up to $6 \times$ more successful trials than an ablated pipeline without visual or historical feedback. Judge scores and human evaluations show that the pipeline can identify effective parameter levers, recover from poor revisions, and expand design exploration. A manufacturing agent further post-processes top-ranked designs for additive manufacturing, enabling end-to-end intent-to-prototype design. We also identify failure modes, including overshooting, selective memory, misplaced tools, and incorrect parameter reasoning. These results suggest that agentic topology optimization can shift designers from low-level parameter tuning toward higher-level specification of form and function, while highlighting safeguards needed for reliable autonomous engineering design.

拓扑优化多智能体设计自动化生成设计

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