arXiv:2605.21967cs.IR2026-05被引 1

用强化学习让大模型推理更贴合推荐任务,提升推荐准确性和可解释性。

Reinforced Preference Optimization for Reasoning-Augmented Recommendations

论文配图:Reinforced Preference Optimization for Reasoning-Augmented Recommendations
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过两阶段框架将大模型推理与推荐头联合优化
  • 在多个公开数据集和线上系统中显著超越现有方法
  • 适合关注可解释推荐与大模型融合的工程师与研究者

推荐系统在数字平台中至关重要,近年来大语言模型(LLM)为推荐系统带来了更丰富的世界知识和显式推理能力。借助推理知识,推荐系统可更好地推断用户潜在意图、适应动态偏好,并利用语义关系提升准确性与可解释性。然而,现有基于推理的推荐方法常因集成过程中的结构破坏以及自由生成到精准物品预测的转化难题,难以充分对齐大模型的推理过程与推荐目标。本文提出RPORec,一种强化偏好优化框架,将大模型主干的推理能力与专用推荐头(Rechead)统一,实现精确物品检索。RPORec包含两个阶段:(1) 增强型推理推荐建模,生成高质量思维链(CoT)作为辅助知识,指导推荐头学习推荐特异性表示;(2) 高级推理精炼与对齐,训练后的推荐头生成可验证奖励,通过强化学习微调大模型主干,提升推理质量、结构一致性和任务相关性。大规模实验在公开基准和真实线上部署中均显示,RPORec持续优于当前最先进的基于大模型的推荐方法,验证了推理增强推荐建模在实际系统中的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recommender systems are critical for delivering personalized content across digital platforms, and recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new opportunities to enhance them with richer world knowledge and explicit reasoning capabilities. With the help of reasoning knowledge, recommendations can better infer users' underlying intents, adapt to evolving preferences, and leverage semantic relationships for improved accuracy and interpretability. However, existing reasoning-based recommendation methods often fail to fully align the LLM's reasoning process with recommendation-specific objectives due to structural disruption during integration and difficulties in translating free-form generation into accurate item predictions. In this paper, we introduce RPORec, a reinforced preference optimization framework that unifies an LLM backbone's reasoning ability with a dedicated recommendation head (Rechead) for precise item retrieval. RPORec comprises two stages: (1) Reasoning-Augmented Recommendation Modeling, where high-quality Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning is generated and used as auxiliary knowledge to guide the Rechead in learning recommendation-specific representations; and (2) Advanced Reasoning Refinement and Alignment, in which the trained Rechead produces verifiable rewards to fine-tune the LLM backbone via reinforcement learning, enhancing reasoning quality, structural consistency, and task relevance. Extensive experiments on public benchmarks and large-scale online deployments show that RPORec consistently outperforms state-of-the-art LLM-based recommendation methods, demonstrating the effectiveness of reasoning-augmented recommendation modeling in real-world systems.

推荐系统大模型强化学习可解释性

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