arXiv:2605.22102cs.AI2026-05

通过跨代理协作发现并修正推理错误,提升长流程智能体的可靠性。

ExComm: Exploration-Stage Communication for Error-Resilient Agentic Test-Time Scaling

论文配图:ExComm: Exploration-Stage Communication for Error-Resilient Agentic Test-Time Scaling
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 在探索阶段定期检测代理间事实冲突,用工具化验证修复错误。
  • 平均性能提升5.7%和5.0%,优于现有测试时扩展方法。
  • 适合需要高可靠性和多样化推理路径的复杂任务场景。

长周期智能体测试时扩展中常见的失败模式是错误传播:中间步骤产生的事实错误或无效推断会持续影响智能体信念状态,并污染后续推理。现有方法对这一过程控制有限,常依赖智能体自我检测错误、在有缺陷的路径中选择或错误发生后才优化。本文提出ExComm,一种探索阶段的通信协议。基于观察:多数并行推理中的中间错误会产生可检测的跨代理事实冲突。利用智能体工作流的迭代结构,ExComm周期性审计代理信念状态,通过专用工具验证环路识别并解决冲突,返回简洁精准反馈。修正通过软信念更新实现,即添加经验证信息而非覆盖原有信念。为防止轨迹多样性下降,还引入轨迹多样化模块,将冗余路径引导至正交策略。在AIME 2024、AIME 2025和GAIA数据集上,使用Gemini-2.5-Flash-Lite和Qwen3.5-4B模型的实验表明,ExComm持续优于强基线,平均性能分别提升5.7%和5.0%。进一步分析显示其具备更强错误恢复能力、良好可扩展性、更高多样性及最优性能-成本权衡。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

A common failure mode in long-horizon agentic test-time scaling is error propagation, where factual errors or invalid deductions introduced at intermediate steps persist in the agent's belief state and contaminate later reasoning. Existing test-time scaling methods provide limited control over this process, as they often rely on agents to detect their own mistakes, select among flawed trajectories, or refine solutions only after errors have already shaped the reasoning path. We propose ExComm, a communication protocol for exploration-stage agentic test-time scaling. ExComm is motivated by the empirical observation that the majority of intermediate errors in parallel agentic reasoning produce detectable cross-agent factual conflicts. Leveraging the iterative structure of agentic workflows, ExComm periodically audits agent belief states to detect such conflicts, resolves them through a dedicated tool-based verification loop, and returns concise, targeted feedback to the involved agents. Corrections are incorporated through soft belief updates, which append verified feedback rather than overwriting existing beliefs. Furthermore, to prevent collapsing trajectory diversity due to communication, ExComm further introduces a trajectory diversification module that redirects redundant trajectories toward orthogonal strategies. Experiments on AIME 2024, AIME 2025, and GAIA with Gemini-2.5-Flash-Lite and Qwen3.5-4B show that ExComm consistently outperforms strong test-time scaling baselines, achieving average performance gains of 5.7% and 5.0% over the best-performing baselines, respectively. Further analyses demonstrate improved error recovery, favorable scaling behavior, stronger diversity than adapted communication baselines, and the best performance-cost trade-off among the evaluated methods.

智能体测试时扩展错误纠正多代理协作

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