6G赋能具身智能体,构建低延迟远程人机交互架构
6G Communication Networks Enabling Embodied Agents: Architecture and Prototype

- 分层设计通信架构,融合意图感知与智能中间层
- 实测毫秒级延迟,实现稳定闭环远程操控
- 适合6G+机器人、元宇宙等高实时性场景
具身智能体将智能决策与物理执行结合,对通信系统提出远超纯软件代理的严苛且异构要求。尽管6G承诺亚毫秒级延迟、超高可靠性、原生智能与集成感知,但如何利用这些能力支持具身智能体通信仍缺乏系统研究。本文从概念与工程双视角探讨6G赋能的具身智能体通信系统。首先厘清具身智能体的概念及其价值,区分其与非具身智能体的差异;其次分析具身智能体与6G网络的共生关系,强调关键6G能力如何支撑人-机器人交互的严苛需求;进一步展示具身智能体在扩展覆盖、环境感知与物理世界理解方面对通信网络的主动增强作用。基于上述洞察,提出包含人类意图感知层、基于O-RAN的传输层、智能中介层和具身层的分层通信架构。为验证可行性,搭建端到端原型,集成触觉设备、工业机械臂、中介平台与5G O-RAN测试床。实验结果表明,系统可实现毫秒级延迟与稳定闭环运行,证实该架构的实用性,并为未来6G-具身智能体研究与工业部署提供参考。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Embodied agents, which couple intelligent decision-making with physical actuation in the real world, impose far more stringent and heterogeneous communication requirements than purely software-based agents. While 6G promises sub-millisecond latency, ultra-high reliability, native intelligence, and integrated sensing, systematic studies on how to exploit these capabilities for embodied agent communication remain limited. This article investigates 6G-enabled communication systems for embodied agents from both conceptual and engineering perspectives. First, we review the concept, embodiment value of embodied agents, and clarify their distinctions from disembodied agents. Then, we analyse the symbiotic relationship between embodied agents and 6G networks. We highlight how key 6G enablers can support the stringent requirements of human-robot interaction. Furthermore, we demonstrate the proactive role of embodied agents in bolstering communication networks through coverage extension, environmental sensing, and physical world understanding. Building on these insights, we propose a hierarchical communication architecture for human-robot remote interaction, comprising a human-intent perception layer, an open radio access network (O-RAN)-based transport layer, an intelligent intermediary layer, and an embodiment layer. To validate its feasibility, we implement an end-to-end prototype that integrates a haptic device, an industrial robotic arm, an intermediary platform, and a 5G O-RAN testbed. Experimental results demonstrate millisecond-level latency and stable closed-loop operation, confirming the practicality of the proposed architecture and providing a reference for future 6G-embodied agent research and industrial deployments.
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