arXiv:2605.24055cs.LGcs.AI2026-05

针对异常脉冲干扰,提出无需训练的时序修复方法,保留关键波形特征。

Cascade-KDE: Robust Time-Series Restoration under Out-of-Distribution Impulse Corruptions

论文配图:Cascade-KDE: Robust Time-Series Restoration under Out-of-Distribution Impulse Corruptions
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于二维时序-幅度密度估计,分步过滤异常点
  • 在多个数据集上优于传统滤波与学习型方法,保持波形和导数峰值
  • 适合医疗、工业等需保留局部特征的时序分析任务

工业传感、医疗与能源系统中的真实时序数据常受高斯噪声与偶发大振幅脉冲异常值混合污染。对于依赖局部形状的任务(如心电图形态分析、电池退化监测),修复不仅要求低重建误差,还需保留导数峰值与任务关键特征。本文提出无需训练的Cascade-KDE时序修复框架:首先估计时序-幅度二维密度,再通过截断鲁棒期望抑制远端异常点影响,最后以自适应停止的指数级联进行序列精修。该设计在分布外脉冲干扰下提升鲁棒性,同时保持原始局部结构。在多个基准数据集上,该方法在曲线保真度、导数保留、下游分类性能与运行效率方面均优于经典滤波器与代表性学习基线。结果表明,基于有界密度的修复是噪声时序预处理中特征保持的可行方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Real-world time-series data in industrial sensing, healthcare, and energy systems is often corrupted by a mixture of Gaussian noise and occasional large-magnitude impulse outliers. For tasks that depend on local shape, such as ECG morphology analysis and battery degradation monitoring, the main requirement is not only low reconstruction error but also preservation of derivative peaks and task-critical features. We propose Cascade-KDE, a training-free restoration framework for corrupted time series. The method first estimates a two-dimensional temporal-amplitude density, then applies a Density-Truncated Robust Expectation to limit the influence of distant abnormal points, and finally refines the sequence through an exponential cascade with adaptive stopping. This design aims to improve robustness under out-of-distribution impulse corruptions while keeping the restored trajectory close to the original local structure. Across several benchmark datasets, the proposed method shows consistent gains over classical filters and representative learning-based baselines on curve fidelity, derivative preservation, downstream classification, and runtime efficiency. These results suggest that bounded density-based restoration is a practical option for feature-preserving preprocessing in noisy time-series pipelines.

时序修复异常检测特征保持无训练

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