arXiv:2605.24468cs.AI2026-05被引 4

让智能体根据当前状态动态调用记忆,提升长时推理能力

SAM: State-Adaptive Memory for Long-Horizon Reasoning Agent

论文配图:SAM: State-Adaptive Memory for Long-Horizon Reasoning Agent
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 设计可随状态变化的内存机制,按需召回历史信息
  • 在多个基准上超越现有方法,提升长程任务成功率
  • 适合需要持续思考与复杂决策的智能体系统

长时序智能体推理要求大语言模型处理包含思维、工具调用、观测和部分结论的长期交互历史。难点不仅在于历史长度增长,更在于当前决策所需信息可能分散于远距离步骤中,仅在后续才显重要。现有方法通过截断、压缩或检索重用历史片段应对,但未显式建模记忆访问如何随智能体状态演化。本文提出状态自适应记忆(SAM),将持续交互压缩为紧凑记忆线索,同时保留原始轨迹页面以支持意图驱动的召回。这些线索不替代历史,而是轻量级操作符,使智能体能根据当前需求重构遥远信息,无需重训练底层模型。通过专家引导监督和强化学习优化内存模块,使其与轨迹级效用对齐。在BrowseComp、BrowseComp-ZH、WideSearch和HLE四个数据集上,SAM均一致优于多种强基线,且适用于不同模型骨架。结果表明,显式记忆建模为长时推理提供了简单而有效的基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Long-horizon agentic reasoning requires large language models to act over long interaction histories containing thoughts, tool calls, observations, and partial conclusions. The challenge is not merely that these histories grow long, but that information needed for the current decision may be scattered across distant steps and only become relevant later. Existing approaches address this difficulty by truncating the interaction history, compressing it into shorter surrogates, or retrieving selected parts of it for reuse, but they do not explicitly model how access to past interaction should adapt to the agent's evolving state. We instead cast long-horizon reasoning as a problem of state-adaptive memory. To this end, we propose State-Adaptive Memory~(SAM), a standalone framework that consolidates ongoing interaction into compact memory cues while preserving raw trajectory pages for intent-driven recall. These cues are not treated as replacements for history; rather, they serve as lightweight handles that allow the agent to reconstruct temporally distant information according to its current needs, without retraining the underlying backbone. We further optimize the memory module through expert-guided supervision and reinforcement learning, aligning it with trajectory-level utility. Across BrowseComp, BrowseComp-ZH, WideSearch, and HLE, SAM consistently outperforms strong baselines over diverse agent backbones. Our results suggest that explicit memory modeling provides a simple and effective foundation for long-horizon agentic reasoning.

智能体长时推理记忆机制LLM

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