arXiv:2605.24590cs.CVcs.LG2026-05

物理引导自监督去模糊,解决低光下的复杂偏置噪声问题。

Physen-Noise2Noise: Physics-Guided Self-Supervised Defocus Deblurring with Bias Correction under Low-Light Conditions

论文配图:Physen-Noise2Noise: Physics-Guided Self-Supervised Defocus Deblurring with Bias Correction under Low-Light Conditions
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于成像物理模型,引入可学习偏置参数建模复杂噪声。
  • 多帧噪声初始化显著抑制低光下的非零均值噪声。
  • 无需清晰参考图,适合真实低光成像场景的图像恢复。

低光长曝光条件下的散焦模糊去除仍具挑战性,因同时存在严重模糊与复杂的偏置噪声。现有方法通常依赖简化噪声假设,限制了其在真实成像中的效果。本文提出Physen-Noise2Noise,一种由物理模型引导的自监督去模糊框架,利用多帧噪声观测实现去模糊而无需清洁参考图像。不同于传统Noise2Noise假设噪声均值为零,我们推导出散焦成像过程中的频域约束,并通过可学习的噪声偏置参数融入学习框架。此外,引入多帧噪声初始化策略,在去模糊前抑制复杂偏置噪声,提供更稳定的重建起点。该方法显式建模偏置噪声,实现噪声偏置校正与高频细节恢复联合优化。进一步设计预训练-微调变体以增强在严苛噪声条件下的鲁棒性与泛化能力。在仿真与真实数据集上的大量实验表明,所提方法在复杂偏置噪声下持续优于当前最优自监督去模糊方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Low-light, long-exposure defocus deblurring remains a challenging problem due to the simultaneous presence of severe blur and complex biased noise. Existing methods typically rely on simplified noise assumptions, which limits their effectiveness under realistic imaging conditions. In this work, we propose Physen-Noise2Noise, a self-supervised deblurring framework guided by the physical model of defocus imaging, which leverages noisy multi-frame observations without requiring clean reference images. Unlike conventional Noise2Noise-based approaches that assume zero-mean noise, we derive a frequency-domain constraint inherent to the defocus imaging process and incorporate it into the learning framework via a learnable noise bias parameter. In addition, a multi-frame noisy initialization strategy is introduced to suppress complex biased noise prior to deblurring, providing a more stable starting point for reconstruction. This formulation explicitly models biased noise and enables joint bias correction and high-frequency detail recovery during training. Furthermore, we develop a pretrain-finetune variant to enhance robustness and generalization under challenging noise conditions. Extensive experiments on both simulation and real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art self-supervised approaches for defocus deblurring in the presence of complex biased noise.

去模糊低光成像自监督噪声建模

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