WINO用弱形式物理信息神经算子,无需标注数据就能高效模拟可变形状的弹性体。
WINO: A Weak-Form Physics Informed Neural Operator for Hyperelasticity on Variable Domains

- 基于φ-FEM的弱形式框架,通过水平集函数表示复杂几何边界。
- 训练时仅需最小化弱形式残差和剪切单元辅助方程惩罚,无需配对参考解。
- 可作为非线性求解器的神经算子热启动,显著减少迭代次数,适合工程仿真加速。
我们提出一种弱形式物理信息神经算子(WINO),这是一个无需数据的框架,结合了神经算子的效率与φ-有限元法(φ-FEM)的几何灵活性。φ-FEM是一种非拟合方法,可通过水平集函数φ表示域几何,无需生成贴体网格。为施加边界条件,狄利克雷问题采用φ-FEM提升法,仅学习齐次位移贡献;牵引驱动的诺伊曼问题则额外预测弱形式所需的辅助场。参数通过最小化与φ-FEM一致的平方弱形式残差及剪切单元辅助方程的平方惩罚进行训练,避免了大规模配对参考解数据集的需求。当有标签参考数据可用时,可选的数据增强版本(WINO+data)可进一步融合监督损失。训练完成后,WINO输出可用于作为非线性φ-FEM求解器的神经算子热启动(NOWS),相比传统冷启动求解器显著减少迭代次数。数值基准测试表明,WINO在所有情况下均保持高精度,总训练时间仅为监督式φ-FEM-FNO的15%-70%,且无需生成参考解。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose a Weak-form Physics-Informed Neural Operator (WINO), a data-free framework that combines the efficiency of neural operators with the geometric flexibility of the $φ$-finite element method ($φ$-FEM). $φ$-FEM is an unfitted method that accommodates geometric variations without body-fitted meshes, where the domain geometry is represented by the level-set function $φ$. To impose the boundary conditions, Dirichlet problems adopt the $φ$-FEM lifting so only the homogeneous displacement contribution is learned, whereas traction-driven Neumann problems additionally predict the auxiliary fields necessary for the unfitted weak formulation. Parameters are trained by minimizing squared weak-form residuals aligned with $φ$-FEM together with squared penalties on the cut-cell auxiliary equations, which removes the need for large paired datasets of converged reference solutions. When labeled reference data are available, an optional data-augmented variant (WINO+data) can further combine this physics-informed loss with a supervised term. After training, WINO outputs can seed the nonlinear $φ$-FEM solvers as neural operator warm starts (NOWS), which reduce iteration counts relative to traditional cold-started solvers. Numerical benchmarks show substantial accuracy of WINO together with total training times of about 15%-70% of those of supervised $φ$-FEM-FNO across all cases, without requiring reference-solution generation.
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