用神经网络预测优质路径区域,加速机器人路径规划。
Convex-Neural RRT*: Fast and Reliable Learning-Guided Sampling for High-Quality Robot Path Planning
- 通过神经网络预测高价值路径点,生成凸形候选区域引导采样。
- 相比传统方法提速30%-98%,路径长度平均缩短5%以上。
- 适合对实时性要求高的机器人导航场景,成功率超99%。
基于采样的机器人路径规划算法在不同障碍物环境下具有概率完备性和良好的经验收敛性,但实际中常需大量迭代才能获得高质量解。本文提出凸形神经RRT*(Convex-Neural RRT*),一种增强型RRT*变体,利用神经网络预测接近高质量路径的有信息量的路点区域。从预测结果中提取凸形候选区域,使规划器能聚焦于几何相关区域进行探索,同时保持全局探索能力。在三种环境类型和18个基准地图上,与神经引导的RRT*、神经知情RRT*、经典RRT*及LTA*对比,实验表明该方法相较神经引导变体计算时间减少30%-75%,相较LTA*减少88%-98%,路径长度平均比经典RRT*缩短约5%,复杂环境中提升更显著。整体成功率在不同障碍密度下均高于99%。结果表明,凸形引导的神经采样在计算效率与解质量间取得有效平衡,适用于对时间敏感的机器人导航任务。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Sampling-based algorithms for robot path planning offer probabilistic completeness and strong empirical convergence properties across environments with diverse obstacle configurations. However, in practice, these methods often require many iterations to obtain high-quality solutions. This paper proposes Convex-Neural RRT*, an enhanced RRT* variant that incorporates neural guidance to predict informative waypoint regions near high-quality paths. Convex candidate regions are extracted from these predictions, enabling the planner to concentrate exploration on geometrically relevant areas while preserving global exploration. The proposed algorithm is evaluated against Neural RRT*, Neural Informed RRT*, classical RRT*, and LTA* across three environment types and 18 benchmark maps. Experimental results show that Convex-Neural RRT* reduces computation time by 30-75% compared to neural-guided variants and up to 88-98% relative to LTA*, while achieving an average path length reduction of approximately 5% compared to classical RRT*, with larger improvements observed in complex environments. The method also maintains an overall success rate above 99% across varying obstacle densities. These findings indicate that convex-guided neural sampling provides an effective balance between computational efficiency and solution quality, supporting its applicability to time-sensitive robotic navigation tasks.
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