arXiv:2605.25646cs.RO2026-05中稿 · ICRA

让机器人听懂指令走遍城市,还能找人定位到具体位置。

G-DRAGON: Geospatial Reasoning and Dynamic Planning for Retrieval-Augmented Outdoor Navigation

论文配图:G-DRAGON: Geospatial Reasoning and Dynamic Planning for Retrieval-Augmented Outdoor Navigation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用轻量大模型从语言指令中提取地图实体,精准定位目标坐标。
  • 长距离规划结合拓扑路径与实时建图,支持500米以上真实导航。
  • 最后十米自动切换探索模式,能识别未见过的物体并精确定位。

在大规模户外环境中,自主地面机器人需要兼具远距离导航与精细的“最后一公里”探索能力。现有视觉-语言导航方法在短距离任务中表现良好,但在长距离任务中缺乏地理空间定位支撑;部分基于开放街道地图(OSM)与云端大模型的方法易产生事实性幻觉,无法根据人类指令完成细粒度探索。为此,本文提出G-DRAGON——一种检索增强型户外开放世界导航框架。该框架通过轻量级大模型生成式检索,将自然语言指令映射至版本化本地OSM实体,获得精确坐标以支持全局路径规划。高层规划模块将拓扑路径与SLAM系统融合,将地理空间航点投影至机器人可通行坐标系。针对“最后一公里”,系统切换至基于前沿的探索策略与开放词汇体素建模,实现对开放词汇目标的定位。仿真结果表明,本框架优于当前最优基线;进一步在未见过的真实城市环境中部署于无人地面车辆(UGV),成功完成长达500米的人搜任务。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Autonomous ground robots operating in large-scale outdoor environments require both robust long-range navigation and fine-grained ''last-mile'' exploration. Current advances in visual-language navigation (VLN) work well at short-range tasks, lacking geospatial grounding for long-distance missions. Some OpenStreetMap (OSM)-based methods relying on cloud-based Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to factual hallucination and cannot conduct ''last-mile'' exploration based on human instruction. To address these challenges, we present G-DRAGON, a retrieval-augmented framework for outdoor, open-world navigation. This framework maps natural-language commands to versioned, local OSM entities via generative retrieval based on lightweight LLM, yielding accurate coordinates for global route planning. A high-level planning module bridges global topological routes with the SLAM system, projecting geospatial waypoints into the robot's navigable frame. For the ''last mile," the framework transitions to frontier-based exploration and open-set semantic voxel mapping to localize open-vocabulary targets. Experimental results in simulation demonstrate our framework outperforms state-of-the-art baselines. Furthermore, we validate the system in unseen real-world urban environments on an Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV), successfully completing person-search missions with trajectories of up to 500m.

户外导航语义建图多模态规划开放词汇

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