让机器人自主选接触点并规划动作,提升复杂操作的鲁棒性。
Simultaneous Contact Selection and Planning for Contact-Rich Manipulation with Cascaded Optimization

- 分步优化框架,先选接触点再规划路径,兼顾全局搜索与实时性。
- 在真实噪声和模型误差下仍能生成多样且稳定的操作行为。
- 适合需要灵活接触交互的复杂机械臂任务,如抓取、装配。
我们提出一种基于优化的鲁棒接触丰富操作框架。现有接触隐式方法可在接触模式间进行在线混合规划,实现对给定目标状态和接触序列的闭环操作。然而,大多数方法缺乏自主推理和生成多样化接触位置序列与操作轨迹的能力,即主动接触点选择能力,限制了其在较复杂任务中的应用。主动接触点选择因接触动力学的互补性及稀疏梯度而困难,导致统一框架设计难。为此,我们引入同时接触选择与规划(SCSP),采用分层优化结构,包含接触选择优化(CSO)和接触规划优化(CPO)。CSO利用代理接触模型与离散-连续优化,高效处理接触选择中的非光滑性与耦合,支持在线全局搜索最优接触点。CPO基于参考接触点,实时生成冗余机械臂的操作轨迹。大量仿真与真实实验表明,SCSP能在动态和感知噪声下产生多样化操作行为并保持控制鲁棒性。我们进一步验证了该框架在挑战性操作任务上的泛化能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose an optimization-based framework for robust contact-rich manipulation. Recent contact-implicit methods enable online hybrid planning across contact modes, allowing closed-loop manipulation for a given target state and contact location sequence of the robot and object. However, most existing approaches lack the ability to autonomously reason and generate diverse contact location sequences and manipulation trajectories, i.e., active contact location selection, which limits their applicability to relatively simple tasks. Active contact location selection is challenging due to complementarity in contact dynamics and the sparse gradients, making the design of a unified framework for contact selection and planning difficult. To address these challenges, we introduce Simultaneous Contact Selection and Planning (SCSP), a cascaded optimization framework comprising Contact Selection Optimization (CSO) and Contact Planning Optimization (CPO). CSO leverages a surrogate contact model and discrete-continuous optimization to efficiently resolve the nonsmoothness and coupling in contact selection, enabling online global searching of optimal contact locations. CPO performs prior-guided contact planning by evaluating the reference contact locations produced by CSO and generating corresponding manipulation trajectories in real time for redundant manipulators. Extensive simulations and real-world experiments demonstrate that SCSP produces diverse manipulation behaviors and robust control under inaccurate dynamics and perceptual noise. We further validate the generalization of the framework on challenging manipulation tasks. Project website: \href{https://sites.google.com/view/scsp-robot}{https://sites.google.com/view/scsp-robot}.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。