arXiv:2605.28493cs.IR2026-05

根据模型自信程度动态利用未来数据,提升推荐准确性。

Looking Farther with Confidence: Uncertainty-Guided Future Learning for Sequential Recommendation

论文配图:Looking Farther with Confidence: Uncertainty-Guided Future Learning for Sequential Recommendation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用置信度动态调节未来多步预测的监督强度。
  • 在四个数据集上显著超越现有最佳方法。
  • 训练时无额外开销,适合实际部署。

序列推荐能有效建模用户兴趣演变,但仍面临数据稀疏问题。尽管自监督学习缓解了这一问题,但现有方法大多只关注即时下一物品预测,忽略了长期未来交互中蕴含的丰富信息。少数研究虽尝试利用未来数据,但通常对所有样本施加统一强度的未来监督信号,可能导致次优结果。本文提出一种自适应未来学习框架UFRec,当模型对当前状态有信心时,鼓励其关注更远的未来;当不确定时,则聚焦于即时任务。具体而言,UFRec引入不确定性引导的未来监督模块,根据模型对主要下一物品预测任务的置信度,动态调节多步未来监督权重。此外,我们还设计了面向未来的对比学习模块,将未来轨迹视为整体进行建模。两个辅助模块仅在训练阶段使用,推理时无额外开销。在四个基准数据集上的大量实验表明,该方法通过有效利用未来数据,显著优于当前最优方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Sequential recommendation effectively models dynamic user interests but continues to face challenges related to data sparsity. While self-supervised learning has alleviated this issue to some extent, most existing methods focus exclusively on immediate next-item prediction during training, thereby neglecting the rich information embedded in longer-term future interactions. Although a few studies have explored the utilization of future data, existing attempts typically apply future supervision signals with uniform intensity across all samples, which may lead to suboptimal solutions. In this paper, we propose an adaptive future learning framework, UFRec, which encourages the model to look further ahead when it is confident in the current state, while focusing on the immediate task when it is uncertain. Specifically, UFRec incorporates an Uncertainty-Guided Future Supervision module that dynamically modulates the weight of multi-step future supervision based on the model's confidence in the primary next-item prediction task. Furthermore, we complement step-wise future supervision with a Future-Aware Contrastive Learning module that treats the future trajectory as a holistic entity. Notably, both auxiliary modules are utilized exclusively during training and incur no inference overhead. Extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches by effectively leveraging future data.

序列推荐未来学习置信度自监督

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