arXiv:2605.28551cs.CVcs.GR2026-05

用神经网络实现无需固定分辨率的几何映射,高效处理空间变化场。

Resolution-free neural surrogates for geometric parameterization and mapping with spatially varying fields

论文配图:Resolution-free neural surrogates for geometric parameterization and mapping with spatially varying fields
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于多分辨率坐标编码,构建与网格无关的神经代理模型。
  • 在无标签数据下训练,通过变分能量等几何约束保证映射精度。
  • 适用于医学图像配准、密度均衡映射等需保持局部结构的任务。

许多成像问题需要计算由空间变化的强度、特征或密度场引起的空间变换。典型应用包括畸变校正、可变形图像配准、基于图谱的分割以及驱动形变的图像分析。这些任务可建模为几何映射问题,要求变换保持局部结构、控制边界行为或调节角度畸变。传统方法通常依赖变分模型、扩散过程或椭圆型偏微分方程,但当参数场在不同实例间变化时,高分辨率系统反复求解会带来巨大计算开销。本文提出一种无分辨率限制的神经代理模型,用于几何参数化与映射。给定空间变化的参数场 $p:Ω→ℝ^m$ 及查询点集 $\{x_i\}_{i=1}^N⊂Ω$,模型可预测任意结构化或非结构化点集上的映射位置 $\{u(x_i)\}_{i=1}^N$。为避免依赖固定网格,采用坐标增强的多分辨率几何编码策略。模型通过变分能量、基于扩散的密度等化及拟共形理论推导的几何感知约束进行无标签训练。实验结果在拟共形映射和密度等化映射任务中验证了方法的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Many imaging problems require computing spatial transformations induced by spatially varying intensity, feature, or density fields. Canonical examples include distortion correction, deformable image registration, atlas-based segmentation, and deformation-driven image analysis. These tasks can be formulated as geometric mapping problems in which the transformation is constrained to preserve local structure, control boundary behavior, or regulate angular distortion. Such formulations typically lead to variational models, diffusion processes, or elliptic partial differential equations. However, repeatedly solving high-resolution systems becomes computationally expensive when the underlying parameter fields vary across instances. In this work, we propose a resolution-free neural surrogate for geometric parameterization and mapping problems. Given a spatially varying parameter field $p:Ω\to\mathbb{R}^m$ and query locations $\{x_i\}_{i=1}^N\subsetΩ$, the model predicts mapped locations $\{u(x_i)\}_{i=1}^N$ on arbitrary structured or unstructured point sets. To avoid dependence on a fixed grid, we use a multi-resolution geometric encoding strategy that conditions the network on coordinate-augmented samples of the parameter field. The model is trained without labeled solution data by enforcing geometry-aware constraints derived from variational energies, diffusion-based density equalization, and quasi-conformal theory. Experimental results on quasi-conformal mapping and density-equalizing mapping problems are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.

几何映射神经代理图像配准无监督学习

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