arXiv:2605.28764cs.AIcs.DC2026-05

用去中心化激励机制让闲置算力自动组网协作,像蚁群一样高效分配任务。

SwarmHarness: Skill-Based Task Routing via Decentralized Incentive-Aligned AI Agent Networks

  • 通过能力匹配与信用积分实现无中心算力调度
  • 节点贡献算力获积分,不参与则失去优先权,形成自调节生态
  • 适合构建无需人工干预的分布式智能代理网络

大量计算资源(个人工作站的GPU、空闲推理服务器、任务间隙的边缘设备)因缺乏对等激励协议而闲置。现有方案或依赖可信中心(云市场)、需沉重区块链基础设施(Golem、BrokerChain),或完全无激励机制(BOINC、Petals)。我们提出SwarmHarness,一种去中心化协议,使HarnessAPI技能节点无需中央权威即可自组织为计算蜂群。该系统包含三个相互耦合组件:基于分布式哈希表(DHT)的SwarmRegistry,用于节点发现与能力声明;SwarmRouter,根据能力、负载、延迟和信任的效用函数分发任务;SwarmCredit,通过谢尔普利值近似分配算力积分奖励。节点通过服务任务赚取积分,使用积分提交任务;长期闲置者会消耗积分并降低路由优先级,形成自我调节的参与经济。随着节点向高回报技能专业化,路由信号如同数字信息素,促使网络涌现出类生物群集的集体智能。除算力共享外,SwarmHarness是构建自主分布式AI代理网络的基础构件,使代理可自主雇佣算力、路由子任务并结算信用,无需人类介入。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Vast quantities of compute (GPU cycles on personal workstations, idle inference servers, and edge devices between jobs) go unused because no incentive-aligned protocol exists for their owners to share them safely and profitably. Existing approaches either require a trusted central coordinator (cloud marketplaces), demand heavy blockchain infrastructure (Golem, BrokerChain), or lack an incentive layer entirely (BOINC, Petals). We propose SwarmHarness, a decentralised protocol in which HarnessAPI skill nodes self-organise into a compute swarm without any central authority. SwarmHarness has three interlocking components: a SwarmRegistry built on a Distributed Hash Table (DHT) for peer discovery and capability advertisement; a SwarmRouter that dispatches tasks to nodes using a utility function over capability, load, latency, and trust; and SwarmCredit, an incentive mechanism that attributes compute-credit rewards to contributing nodes via a Shapley-value approximation. Nodes earn credits by serving tasks and spend credits to submit them; idle nodes that never contribute drain credits and lose routing priority, creating a self-regulating participation economy. As nodes specialise toward high-reward skills and routing signals act as digital pheromones, the network exhibits emergent collective intelligence analogous to biological swarms. Beyond compute sharing, SwarmHarness is a foundational primitive for autonomous distributed AI agent networks in which agents hire compute, route subtasks, and settle credits without human intermediation.

去中心化算力共享智能代理激励机制

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