arXiv:2605.29005cs.LGcs.AI2026-05中稿 · ICML

LoRe动态路由计算,按需评估图中关键交互,显著提速降存。

LoRe: Adaptive Interaction-Evaluation Routing with Per-Step Interaction Budgets for Iterative Graph Solvers

论文配图:LoRe: Adaptive Interaction-Evaluation Routing with Per-Step Interaction Budgets for Iterative Graph Solvers
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 每步仅评估部分交互,动态聚焦高冲突或高不确定性区域。
  • 在最大独立集任务中提速8倍、内存减少12倍,突破内存限制3倍以上。
  • 适用于大规模图问题,对拓扑变化零样本鲁棒,适合高效求解器部署。

基于扩散的组合优化神经求解器反复重评密集的边/因子交互,导致推理耗时长且在大规模下常受内存限制。受多体物理计算方法启发,我们提出LoRe,一种无需训练、可直接插入推理阶段的封装方案,实现每步交互评估预算控制:每迭代仅评估固定比例的交互,通过动态路由将计算分配至高冲突或高不确定性的交互,而非采用静态稀疏化(如固定kNN图或静态掩码)。在全链路端到端墙钟时间核算下,LoRe在最大独立集(MIS)问题上显著提升可扩展性,使可行推理范围超出基线内存极限3倍以上,实现约8倍加速与约12倍峰值内存降低,且解质量保持不变。在大规模旅行商问题(TSP)上展现跨任务通用性,在n=1000时达约15倍加速与44倍内存减少,同时保持有竞争力的路径质量。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Diffusion-based neural solvers for combinatorial optimization repeatedly re-evaluate dense edge/factor interactions, making inference expensive in wall-clock time and often memory-bound at scale. Inspired by the computational methodologies of many-body physics, we introduce LoRe, a training-free, inference-time drop-in wrapper that enforces per-step interaction-evaluation budgeting: at each iteration, it evaluates only a fixed fraction of interactions by dynamically routing computation to high-conflict or high-uncertainty interactions, instead of using a fixed sparsification (e.g., static kNN graphs or static masks). Under fully inclusive end-to-end wall-clock accounting, LoRe substantially improves scalability on the Maximum Independent Set (MIS) problem, extending feasible inference more than $3\times$ beyond the baseline's out-of-memory limit, delivering a $\sim 8\times$ speedup and a $\sim 12\times$ peak-memory reduction, with solution quality preserved in this regime. Demonstrating cross-task generality on the large-scale Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) and zero-shot robustness to topology shifts, LoRe achieves a $\sim 15\times$ speedup at $n=1000$ with a $44\times$ memory reduction and competitive tour quality.

图求解扩散模型内存优化动态路由

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