让科学家用交互方式探索并精细调整科学假设,打破自动模型的局限。
MOOSE-Copilot: A Web-Based Interactive Assistant for Unified Exploratory and Fine-Grained Scientific Hypothesis Discovery

- 通过三种人类信号(初始蓝图、阶段路由、阶段反馈)统一探索与细化过程
- 模拟专家指导时性能超越纯自主基线,证明高质量引导可显著提升效果
- 网页端无代码界面支持实时交互,适合跨学科研究者直接使用
大语言模型在科学假设发现方面展现出巨大潜力。然而,现有方法存在两大关键局限:将发散式探索与收敛式精细化视为孤立任务,且运行完全自主,缺乏人类干预。我们提出MOOSE-Copilot,首个通过形式化人机交互协议弥合这一抽象鸿沟的统一框架。系统允许科学家通过三种显式信号控制生成过程:初始蓝图、阶段间路由和阶段内反馈。在模拟专家信号的评估中,注入这些结构化信号显著优于纯自主基线,刻画了高质量引导所能带来的增益。此外,我们构建了一个基于网页的交互界面,将该框架转化为无代码工作流:研究者提出问题,观察假设搜索以交互树形式展开,并通过选择假设、路由阶段、注入反馈进行引导——无需命令行或代理。这使端到端的假设发现直接面向跨学科研究人员开放。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large language models (LLMs) show remarkable potential in scientific hypothesis discovery. However, existing approaches face two critical limitations: they treat divergent exploratory search and convergent fine-grained refinement as isolated tasks, and they operate autonomously with little to no human guidance. We present MOOSE-Copilot, the first unified framework to bridge this abstraction gap through a formalized human-AI interaction (HAII) protocol. Our system empowers scientists to steer the generative process via three explicit signals: initial blueprints, inter-stage routing, and intra-stage feedback. Using an oracle-simulated evaluation in which an LLM provides idealized expert signals, we show that injecting these structured signals significantly outperforms purely autonomous baselines, characterizing the gains achievable under high-quality guidance. Furthermore, we build a web-based interface that turns the framework into a no-code workflow: researchers pose a question, watch the hypothesis search unfold as an interactive tree, and steer it by selecting hypotheses, routing between stages, and injecting feedback-no command-line agents required. This makes end-to-end hypothesis discovery directly accessible to interdisciplinary researchers.
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