研究80岁人群脑深部结构形状变化与认知衰退的关系
Subcortical Shape Variations and Their Associations with Cognition Across the 8th Decade of Life. A Study in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
- 用纵向影像数据追踪80岁人群脑区形状演变规律
- 发现海马体左右不对称变形，丘脑等区域对称萎缩
- 揭示脑形变与认知下降的关联，适合老年神经研究者参考
研究大脑形态在正常个体中的变化，可捕捉到粗略体积测量未能反映的功能性脑老化特征。尽管皮层下脑结构在认知中扮演重要角色，其形态轨迹与认知老化之间的关联尚未被系统记录。本研究基于洛锡安出生队列1936（Lothian Birth Cohort 1936）的神经影像、人口统计和认知数据，探索社区居住者在80岁期间皮层下脑结构的形状变化，并通过协方差分析（ANCOVA）和混合线性模型分析这些变化与认知老化的关系。结果表明，皮层下结构的形状变化具有异质性，在整个时期表现出不同的萎缩模式：海马体和腹侧纹状体（ventral DC）的形态变形从基线点起呈现左右半球差异；而丘脑和豆状核（globus pallidi）则表现出更均匀且近乎对称的体积收缩。一般认知能力的变化主要与不同时间点间的顶点向内或向外位移相关。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The study of brain morphology changes in normal individuals may capture aspects of functionally-relevant brain aging not fully indicated by gross volumetry. Despite the important role of subcortical brain structures in cognition, the associations between their morphological trajectories and cognitive changes in aging have not been documented. We use neuroimaging, demographic, and cognitive data from a large longitudinal study of cognitive aging, the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936, to explore shape changes in subcortical brain structures of community-dwelling individuals across their 8th decade of life. We investigate the association of these changes with cognitive aging using ANCOVA and mixed linear model analyses. Subcortical shape changes were heterogeneous, with varied atrophy patterns across whole period. The hippocampus and the ventral DC experienced varied morphological deformations (from its baseline point) different in left and right hemispheres, while the thalami and globus pallidi shapes, for example, experienced a more uniform volume contraction, nearly symmetrical throughout different timelines. Changes in general cognition were mainly associated with inwards and outwards vertex displacements between the time-points.
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