arXiv:2605.29863cs.LG2026-05

无需固定应用词表,用随机编号预测用户下一个打开的应用。

STAP: A Shuffle-Tokenized App Predictor with Ultra Long Context for Vocabulary-Free Mobile App Prediction

论文配图:STAP: A Shuffle-Tokenized App Predictor with Ultra Long Context for Vocabulary-Free Mobile App Prediction
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用随机虚拟编号代替真实应用名,打破词表依赖
  • 超长上下文使跨数据集零样本预测准确率领先
  • 适合冷启动场景,部署时延迟可控

预测用户下一个将启动的移动应用对智能设备资源管理与主动服务至关重要。现有模型依赖固定应用词表,难以跨应用生态泛化,且常需用户特定知识,导致冷启动部署困难。我们提出STAP,一种基于Transformer的模型,摒弃固定词表设计。STAP通过打乱机制将真实应用标识替换为随机分配的虚拟索引,并借助超长上下文处理行为序列以补偿丢失的语义信息。理论分析表明,在足够长的上下文条件下,即使映射匿名,预测分布仍可收敛至正确结果。在来自不同大陆的两个数据集上的实验显示,STAP实现了强健的跨数据集零样本预测准确率——这是所有现有固定词表方法无法实现的设定——同时在各数据集内的冷启动性能也与顶尖模型相当。此外,我们提出一种部署策略,可在持续推理中保持足够长的上下文,同时将延迟控制在可接受范围内。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Predicting the next mobile application a user will launch is essential for intelligent device resource management and proactive assistance. Existing models rely on fixed app vocabularies, which prevents them from generalizing across different app ecosystems. Many also depend on user-specific knowledge, which complicates deployment in cold start scenarios. We propose STAP, a Transformer-based model that eliminates the need for a fixed vocabulary. STAP replaces true app identities with randomly reassigned virtual indices via a shuffle mechanism, and compensates for discarded semantic information by processing behavioral sequences with an ultra-long context design. A theoretical analysis shows that, given a sufficiently long context, the predicted distribution converges to the correct one despite the anonymity of the mapping. Experiments on two datasets from different continents demonstrate that STAP achieves strong cross-dataset zero-shot prediction accuracy -- a setting where all existing fixed-vocabulary methods are inherently inapplicable -- while its cold start performance within each dataset remains competitive with leading models. Furthermore, we introduce a deployment strategy that enables the model to retain a sufficiently long context during continuous inference while keeping latency within acceptable bounds.

应用预测无词表冷启动

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