用几何视角统一分析博弈求解器,发现不同算法在游戏中的有效区域。
On the Geometry of Games and their Solvers

- 构建求解器-博弈映射图,用低维表示识别游戏的可解结构
- 学习到的结构识别器使求解器能自适应切换机制,覆盖混合求解区间
- 揭示算法有效性连续区与重叠区,适合研究博弈优化和GAN训练
博弈论与学习系统(如GAN)中的核心挑战是理解哪些算法能在异质博弈空间中高效计算均衡。当前研究多按求解器或博弈类别分别分析,虽有局部强保证,但整体视角碎片化。现有离散分类难以完整描述算法成功区域。本文通过求解器-博弈映射图,将游戏与其有效求解动态关联。经典理论仅识别孤立区域,对中间或重叠区域缺乏解释,暗示可解性由隐含结构属性决定,构成连续的求解器对齐博弈几何。我们提出结构感知的求解器合成框架:学习一个结构识别器,将每类游戏映射为低维求解器对齐表示;再由策略将该表示映射到有效基础机制,实现跨区域行为自适应。有限残差作为局部校正器和诊断信号,指示求解基或表示不完整。该框架既生成自适应求解器,也提供分析视角:具有相似优化动态的游戏聚类,揭示算法有效性的连续区域及求解器行为重叠。实验表明,固定机制存在系统性区域错配,而学习表示则将游戏空间组织成与求解行为对齐的结构化地图。结果表明,均衡计算应视为求解机制学习与可解性几何映射的联合问题。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
A central challenge in game theory and learning systems such as GANs is understanding which algorithms can efficiently compute equilibria across the heterogeneous landscape of games. Equilibrium computation is typically studied solver by solver and game class by game class, yielding strong local guarantees but a fragmented view of solver behaviour. Existing discrete taxonomies often provide an incomplete account of where algorithms succeed. We study this problem through a solver-game map linking games to effective solver dynamics. Classical theory identifies isolated regions of this map but provides limited insight into intermediate or overlapping regimes, suggesting that solvability is governed by latent structural properties defining a continuous solver-aligned geometry of games. We formalise this perspective through structure-aware solver synthesis. A learned structure recogniser maps each game to a low-dimensional solver-aligned representation, and a policy maps this representation to effective primitive mechanisms, adapting solver behaviour across regimes. This reveals regions where particular solver dynamics are effective and where mixtures of primitives are required rather than a single dominant solver. A bounded residual acts as a local corrector and diagnostic signal for incomplete solver bases or representations. The framework yields both an adaptive solver and an analytical lens: games with similar optimisation dynamics cluster together, revealing continuous regions of algorithmic validity and overlapping solver behaviour. Empirically, we show that fixed primitives exhibit systematic regime mismatch, while the learned representation organises game space into a structured cartography aligned with solver behaviour. These results suggest viewing equilibrium computation as the joint problem of learning solver mechanisms and mapping the geometry of solvability.
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